<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcketiminin zararlar\u0131na dikkati \u00e7ekmek amac\u0131yla 31 May\u0131s her y\u0131l “D\u00fcnya Sigaras\u0131z G\u00fcn\u00fc” olarak kutlan\u0131yor. Bu kapsamda, AA muhabiri, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn (DS\u00d6) verilerini derledi.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsan hayat\u0131n\u0131 bir\u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131dan olumsuz etkileyen sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131, d\u00fcnyadaki \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00fcm nedenlerinden biri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa zararlar\u0131 konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k olu\u015fturmak ve sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmaya te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in DS\u00d6 b\u00fcnyesinde her y\u0131l 31 May\u0131s D\u00fcnya Sigaras\u0131z G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kutlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
DS\u00d6, D\u00fcnya Sigaras\u0131z G\u00fcn\u00fc’n\u00fcn bu y\u0131lki temas\u0131n\u0131 “G\u0131daya ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var, t\u00fct\u00fcne de\u011fil” olarak belirledi. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerinin, alternatif mahsul \u00fcretimi ve pazarlama olanaklar\u0131yla ilgili fark\u0131ndal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, besleyici mahsuller yeti\u015ftirmeye te\u015fvik edilmeleri ama\u00e7lan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmalar, sava\u015flar, iklim \u015foku ve Kovid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n etkilerinin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u0131da g\u00fcvensizli\u011fini, t\u00fct\u00fcn yeti\u015ftirme ve \u00fcretimi de a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya genelinde her y\u0131l 3,5 milyon hektar alan\u0131n t\u00fct\u00fcn yeti\u015ftirme alan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ve t\u00fct\u00fcn yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finin her y\u0131l 200 bin hektar alan\u0131n ormans\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olmas\u0131, bu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn g\u0131da g\u00fcvensizli\u011findeki pay\u0131 olarak g\u00f6steriliyor.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir g\u0131da \u00fcretimine zarar\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak t\u00fct\u00fcn yeti\u015ftiricili\u011finin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla yasal \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin alternatif mahsul \u00fcretimine ge\u00e7i\u015flerine destek olunmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuldu.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn, 125’ten fazla \u00fclkede 4 milyon hektardan fazla alanda yeti\u015ftirildi\u011fi tahmin edilirken bu, Ruanda topraklar\u0131ndan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6lgeye i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n
DS\u00d6’n\u00fcn \u015fubatta a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilere g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnya genelinde 1,3 milyar ki\u015fi t\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcketiyor ve bunlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 80’inden fazlas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve orta gelirli \u00fclkelerde ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, t\u00fcketicilerinin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesine yol a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda t\u00fct\u00fcn, her y\u0131l 8 milyondan fazla ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden oluyor.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin 7 milyondan fazlas\u0131 do\u011frudan t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan, 1,2 milyonu ise sigara i\u00e7meyen ancak t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131na maruz kal\u0131nmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Erken \u00f6l\u00fcm riskini art\u0131ran t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fcnya genelindeki \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin y\u00fczde 18’inden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn her t\u00fcr\u00fc insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zarar verirken sigara i\u00e7mek, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n en yayg\u0131n \u015fekli oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131, 70’inin kanserojen oldu\u011fu bilinen 5 bine yak\u0131n kimyasal madde i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n
Kanserin \u00e7e\u015fitli t\u00fcrleri, diyabet, gastrit ve \u00fclser gibi mide hastal\u0131klar\u0131, gebelikte erken do\u011fum, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck do\u011fum, \u00e7ocukta geli\u015fim bozukluklar\u0131 ve anne s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn kesilmesi, kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131, solunum hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile di\u015f ve di\u015f eti hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131, erken \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin de \u00f6nde gelen nedenlerinden biri aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 erkekler ve kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6steriyor. 2020’de d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 22,3’\u00fc t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131rken, bu oran erkeklerde y\u00fczde 36,7, kad\u0131nlarda ise 7,8.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131nda ya\u015f ortalamas\u0131 46 ya\u015f ve \u00fcst\u00fc olurken, bu ortalama, erkeklerde 45-54, kad\u0131nlarda ise 55-64 ya\u015f grubu olarak belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde bulunan nikotin olduk\u00e7a ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131, destek almadan t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmay\u0131 deneyenlerin yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 4’\u00fc ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabiliyor. Profesyonel destek almak, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc b\u0131rakma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Di\u011fer yandan, ABD Hastal\u0131k Kontrol ve \u00d6nleme Merkezi (CDC) taraf\u0131ndan payla\u015f\u0131lan son verilere g\u00f6re, ABD’de her y\u0131l 480 bin ki\u015fi sigara nedeniyle hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyor.<\/p>\n