<\/p>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, T\u00fcrk Toraks Derne\u011fi ile T\u00fcrkiye Ulusal Alerji ve Klinik \u0130mm\u00fcnoloji Derne\u011fince, 2 May\u0131s D\u00fcnya Ast\u0131m G\u00fcn\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla GARD (Global Alliance Against Chronic Respiratory Diseases – Solunum Hastal\u0131klar\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 K\u00fcresel Birlik) T\u00fcrkiye Program\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda ortak a\u00e7\u0131klama haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u0131l\u0131n temas\u0131n\u0131n “Ast\u0131mda Do\u011fru Tan\u0131 ve Do\u011fru Tedavi \u0130\u00e7in El Ele” olarak belirlendi\u011fi aktar\u0131lan ortak a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6) verilerine g\u00f6re t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada 339 milyon ki\u015finin ast\u0131m\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve d\u00fcnyada her y\u0131l 400 binden fazla ki\u015finin ast\u0131ma ba\u011fl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Akci\u011fer i\u00e7i hava yollar\u0131nda mikrobik olmayan bir t\u00fcr iltihap nedeniyle hava yolu duvar\u0131n\u0131n daralmas\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan kronik bir akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanan ast\u0131m, tekrarlayan ve ataklar halinde gelen nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, nefes al\u0131p verirken ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131, \u0131sl\u0131k sesi, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcste bask\u0131 hissi ve \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck gibi belirtilerle kendini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
Do\u011fru tan\u0131 i\u00e7in yak\u0131nmalar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra solunum fonksiyon testlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla birinci, ikinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc basamak sa\u011fl\u0131k kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Ortak a\u00e7\u0131klamada, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir yerinde ast\u0131m\u0131 tamamen ortadan kald\u0131ran bir ila\u00e7 tedavisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n
Ast\u0131m tedavisiyle hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015fikayetlerinin kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve hastan\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 normale en yak\u0131n \u015fekilde devam ettirmesi ama\u00e7lan\u0131yor. Uygun ila\u00e7 tedavisinin verilmesi ve ast\u0131m tetikleyicilerinden uzak durulmas\u0131yla ast\u0131m belirtilerinin kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabildi\u011fi vurgulan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Ast\u0131m tedavisi, ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanan ve her y\u0131l yenilenen rehberdeki \u00f6nerilere g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 ve ulusal ast\u0131m rehberindeki en \u00f6nemli yenilik, ast\u0131m tedavisinde nefes a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 (kurtar\u0131c\u0131) ila\u00e7lar\u0131n ast\u0131m tedavisinde art\u0131k tek ba\u015f\u0131na kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 yerine mutlaka as\u0131l tedavi edici ila\u00e7 olan kortizon ve inhaler (soluk ald\u0131rma cihaz\u0131) ile birlikte al\u0131nmas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6steriliyor.<\/p>\n
Tedaviyle ast\u0131m hastalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131, i\u015f ve okul dahil g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 hastal\u0131k nedeniyle ilgili herhangi bir k\u0131s\u0131tlanma s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebiliyor.<\/p>\n
Ast\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131, soluk alma yolu (inhalasyon) ile kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar olu\u015fturuyor. Bu yolla daha az yan etkiyle direk hava yollar\u0131nda istenen tedavi edici etki elde edilebiliyor.<\/p>\n
Ortak a\u00e7\u0131klamlada, ast\u0131m kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftiren etkenler, ila\u00e7lar\u0131n do\u011fru teknikle ve d\u00fczenli kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve bunun yan\u0131nda solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131, alerjenler, sigara duman\u0131 ve kimyasallar gibi tetikleyicilere maruziyet olarak s\u0131ralan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarla hastalar\u0131n ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 doktorunun \u00f6nerdi\u011fi \u015fekilde kullanmas\u0131n\u0131n, sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakman\u0131n ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilolu hastalar\u0131n kilo vermesinin, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli beslenmenin, d\u00fczenli egzersiz yapman\u0131n ve solunan ortam havas\u0131n\u0131n temiz tutulman\u0131n ast\u0131m\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n
Deprem sonras\u0131 \u00f6zellikle ilk bir ayda ast\u0131m atak riskinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funa, atak riskinde depremin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 stresin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ila\u00e7 tedavisinin aksamas\u0131n\u0131n, deprem kaynakl\u0131 \u00e7evresel kirleticilere maruziyetin ve enfeksiyonlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131na da i\u015faret ediliyor.<\/p>\n