{"id":3500,"date":"2023-04-26T06:20:19","date_gmt":"2023-04-26T06:20:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kraios.app\/news\/saglik\/2023\/04\/26\/dunya-genelinde-2021de-619-bin-kisi-sitma-nedeniyle-oldu\/"},"modified":"2023-04-26T06:20:19","modified_gmt":"2023-04-26T06:20:19","slug":"dunya-genelinde-2021de-619-bin-kisi-sitma-nedeniyle-oldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kraios.app\/news\/saglik\/2023\/04\/26\/dunya-genelinde-2021de-619-bin-kisi-sitma-nedeniyle-oldu\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnya genelinde 2021’de 619 bin ki\u015fi s\u0131tma nedeniyle \u00f6ld\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"

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“25 Nisan D\u00fcnya S\u0131tma G\u00fcn\u00fc” nedeniyle AA muhabiri D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn (DS\u00d6) verilerini derledi.<\/p>\n

S\u0131tma, insanlara parazit ta\u015f\u0131yan anofel cinsi di\u015fi sivrisineklerin sokmas\u0131yla bula\u015f\u0131yor. Belirtileri genellikle 1 ay i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fclen hastal\u0131k ayr\u0131ca kan yoluyla, enjekt\u00f6r veya i\u011fnelerin ortak kullan\u0131m\u0131yla veya do\u011fumda anneden bebe\u011fe ge\u00e7ebiliyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesinde “malarya” olarak da bilinen s\u0131tman\u0131n ilk semptomlar\u0131 pek \u00e7ok sistemik viral hastal\u0131k bulgular\u0131na benzerken, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, halsizlik, kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, yorgunluk, kas ve eklem a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ile ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

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D\u00fcnya S\u0131tma G\u00fcn\u00fc’n\u00fcn bu y\u0131lki temas\u0131 “S\u0131tmay\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rlama zaman\u0131: yat\u0131r\u0131m, yenilik, uygulama.” olarak belirlendi.<\/p>\n

DS\u00d6’n\u00fcn ge\u00e7en y\u0131l aral\u0131kta yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “2022 D\u00fcnya S\u0131tma Raporu”na g\u00f6re, 2021’de d\u00fcnyada 247 milyon s\u0131tma vakas\u0131 tespit edildi ve s\u0131tmadan 619 bin ki\u015fi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131tma riskinde oldu\u011fu 2021’de vakalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 95’i (234 milyon), \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin y\u00fczde 96’s\u0131 (593 bin) Afrika’da kaydedildi.<\/p>\n

S\u0131tmadan en fazla etkilenen grup olan 5 ya\u015f alt\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar, s\u00f6z konusu d\u00f6nemde Afrika’daki t\u00fcm s\u0131tma \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 80’ini olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya genelindeki s\u0131tma vakalar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 2’si G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya, y\u00fczde 0,2’si Amerika, y\u00fczde 2,5’i Do\u011fu Akdeniz ve y\u00fczde 0,6’s\u0131 Bat\u0131 Pasifik \u00fclkelerinde tespit edildi.<\/p>\n

Vakalar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 4 \u00fclkeden<\/h3>\n

Nijerya (y\u00fczde 27), Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti (y\u00fczde 12), Uganda (y\u00fczde 5) ve Mozambik (y\u00fczde 4) 2021’de toplam s\u0131tma vakalar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kayda ge\u00e7ti\u011fi \u00fclkeler, Nijerya (y\u00fczde 31), Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti (y\u00fczde 13), Nijer (y\u00fczde 4), ve Tanzanya (y\u00fczde 4) ise s\u0131tma kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n kaydedildi\u011fi 4 \u00fclke olarak s\u0131ralan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, d\u00fcnya genelinde s\u0131tma vakas\u0131 bildiren \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131 azal\u0131yor. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131 2020’de 108 olarak kaydedilirken, 2021’de 84’e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bu arada, 10’dan az vaka g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fclke say\u0131s\u0131 2020’de 4 iken, 2021’de 25’e y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

DS\u00d6, s\u0131tma vakalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131ra indiren El Salvador ve \u00c7in’e 2021’de “eleme sertifikas\u0131” verdi.<\/p>\n

S\u0131tman\u0131n tedavisi ve \u00f6nlenmesi<\/h3>\n

Hafif bir s\u0131tma vakas\u0131n\u0131n ciddi hastal\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesini ve \u00f6l\u00fcme neden olmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemenin en etkili yolu, h\u0131zl\u0131 tan\u0131 ve s\u0131tma (antimalaryal) ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tedavide kullan\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

S\u0131tma hastalar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda tavsiye edilen tedaviyi almas\u0131 da olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli.<\/p>\n

DS\u00d6, Ekim 2021’de onaylad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131tma a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 “RTS,S\/AS01″nin yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye ediyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130la\u00e7l\u0131 cibinlikler, \u00f6zellikle son y\u0131llarda Afrika’da s\u0131tmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemede en ucuz ve etkili ki\u015fisel korunma y\u00f6ntemlerden biri olarak tercih ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Sahraalt\u0131 Afrika’da s\u0131tma riski alt\u0131ndaki insanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 47’sinin alt\u0131nda uyudu\u011fu ila\u00e7l\u0131 cibinliklerin ortalama \u00f6mr\u00fc ise 3 y\u0131l.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca ila\u00e7l\u0131 cibinlik eri\u015fimine sahip n\u00fcfusun oran\u0131 2018’de y\u00fczde 57 iken, 2021’de y\u00fczde 54’e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn nedeni olarak Kovid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m olanaklar\u0131nda yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 aksakl\u0131klar g\u00f6steriliyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla yerli s\u0131tma bula\u015f\u0131 sona erdirildi ve 2010’dan bu yana sadece yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kaynakl\u0131 vakalar tespit ediliyor.<\/p>\n


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\n Anadolu Ajans\u0131 web sitesinde, AA Haber Ak\u0131\u015f Sistemi (HAS) \u00fczerinden abonelere sunulan haberler, \u00f6zetlenerek yay\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Abonelik i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7iniz.<\/b>
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