<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Derne\u011fi \u00fcyesi de olan Prof. Dr. K\u00f6ksal, toplumda kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile erken ya\u015flarda kalp krizi oranlar\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin AA muhabirine de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulundu.<\/p>\n
21’inci y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki en \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeninin kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 sorunlar oldu\u011funu aktaran K\u00f6ksal, bunlar\u0131 “damar sertli\u011fi, y\u00fcksek tansiyon, kan ya\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, sigara al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kiloluluk” \u015feklinde s\u0131ralad\u0131.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6ksal, son zamanlarda, koroner arter hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7an sa\u011fl\u0131k problemlerinden biri olan damar sertli\u011finin g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da artt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n
Bu kapsamda, T\u00fcrkiye’de bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ya\u015f gruplar\u0131na g\u00f6re da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi veren K\u00f6ksal, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti: <\/p>\n
“Her ne olursa olsun, hareketsizlik ve d\u00fczensiz beslenme hem \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na hem kan ya\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fine hem de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kilolu olmaya zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in son zamanlarda koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riski inan\u0131lmaz artm\u0131\u015f durumda. Kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz zaman; erkeklerde 60-65 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc olarak adland\u0131r\u0131yoruz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ya\u015f ilerledik\u00e7e damar sertli\u011fi s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ona ba\u011fl\u0131 problemler, hareketsizlik art\u0131yor. Ancak \u00f6yle bir ku\u015fak var ki gen\u00e7 bireylerde de koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclme oranlar\u0131nda y\u00fckselme tespit edilmi\u015f. 40 ya\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131ndakilere biz gen\u00e7 koroner kalp hastas\u0131 diyoruz. Bu oranlar da inan\u0131lmaz artt\u0131. Eskiden, t\u00fcm koroner kalp hastalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 10-15’i gen\u00e7 hastalard\u0131. \u015eimdi y\u00fczde 15-20’lere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Kad\u0131nlarda bu oran y\u00fczde 10 iken y\u00fczde 15’e \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Erkeklerde y\u00fczde 15’ten y\u00fczde 20’lere \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.”<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Cengiz K\u00f6ksal, kalp krizi g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmede, “Erken ya\u015fta kalp krizi oran\u0131, kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 rastlanma oran\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak artt\u0131. Bu hastalarda s\u0131kl\u0131kla hi\u00e7bir belirti olmaz. Hatta bu hastalarda anjiyo yap\u0131lsa bile koroner damarlar\u0131nda y\u00fczde 30-40 darl\u0131k saptan\u0131r. Koroner damar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na neden olan ‘aterom pla\u011f\u0131’ dedi\u011fimiz damar sertli\u011fini bir volkana benzetiriz. Volkan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde bir delik a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman o volkan b\u00fct\u00fcn damar\u0131 t\u0131kar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla y\u00fczde 30-40 darl\u0131k bile olsa, ailede \u00f6yk\u00fc varsa tedbirli olmak laz\u0131m. Doktora dan\u0131\u015farak aspirin gibi kan suland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 kullanmak do\u011fru olur.” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsteki a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n kalpten mi yoksa ba\u015fka bir durumdan m\u0131 kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok kolay \u015fekilde ay\u0131rt edilebilece\u011fini dile getiren K\u00f6ksal, hareket edince gelen, g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn tam ortas\u0131nda bask\u0131 ve yanma hissiyat\u0131yla 3-4 dakika s\u00fcren ancak durunca ge\u00e7en a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtisi oldu\u011funu, a\u011fr\u0131 yar\u0131m saatten fazla s\u00fcr\u00fcyorsa bunun kalp krizi ge\u00e7irildi\u011fi anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6ksal, sa\u011f veya sol tarafta, nefes al\u0131p verirken batma hissiyat\u0131 veren, parmakla yeri g\u00f6sterilebilen a\u011fr\u0131n\u0131n ise b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla kalpten kaynaklanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu belirtilerin kas veya kemik a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. K\u00f6ksal, buradaki esas \u00f6nemli noktan\u0131n, gen\u00e7 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 koroner arter hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskinden korumak oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n
D\u00fczenli ve tempolu y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f ile bal\u0131k a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmenin koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskini \u00f6nledi\u011finin ispatland\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eden K\u00f6ksal, “\u00c7ok hareketsiziz. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla iyi ya\u011flar y\u00fcksek de\u011fil ve gen\u00e7lerde bu oran \u00e7ok daha fazla. Gen\u00e7lerde bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmesinin en \u00f6nemli nedenlerinden biri de a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczensiz beslenme, buna ba\u011fl\u0131 kilo alma ve diyabetin artmas\u0131.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6ksal, bu rahats\u0131zl\u0131kta genetik yatk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkisini asla inkar etmediklerini vurgulayarak, \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n
“\u00d6rne\u011fin; hasta geliyor, \u015f\u00fcpheli bir g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 tarif ediyor, 40 ya\u015f\u0131nda. Annesi 42 ya\u015f\u0131nda kalp krizi ge\u00e7irmi\u015f, babas\u0131 38 ya\u015f\u0131nda baypas olmu\u015f. Bu durumda hi\u00e7 teredd\u00fct etmiyorum, hastan\u0131n \u015fikayetlerini dinlemeden koroner anjiyo \u00f6neriyorum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc genetik yatk\u0131nl\u0131k \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc. \u00d6zellikle gen\u00e7ler, ailede koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, stent, baypas riski olanlar, erken ya\u015fta yak\u0131nlar\u0131 bunu ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olanlar hi\u00e7 teredd\u00fct etmesinler, kalp doktorlar\u0131na ba\u015fvursunlar. Ayr\u0131ca, sigara i\u00e7memeye, d\u00fczenli beslenmeye, hareketli bir ya\u015fama ve \u015fekerleri varsa onu kontrol etmeye ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 var.”<\/p>\n
Genetik yatk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sadece anne ve babadan kaynaklanmayabilece\u011fini, bunun bir ku\u015fak da atlayabilece\u011fini belirten K\u00f6ksal, dedede hatta ondan bir \u00f6nceki ku\u015fakta koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olmas\u0131n\u0131n, hastal\u0131k ve kalp krizi riskini ciddi oranda art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6ksal, kad\u0131nlarda gen\u00e7 koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskinin artmas\u0131n\u0131n, sigara al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n olmas\u0131ndan ve do\u011fum kontrol haplar\u0131n\u0131n kontrols\u00fcz kullan\u0131lmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Cerrahi y\u00f6ntemlerinden de bahseden K\u00f6ksal, art\u0131k y\u00fczde 90-95 oran\u0131nda, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs kemi\u011fi kesilmeden, sol meme alt\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 santimlik bir kesiyle kaburgalar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan girilerek, kalp durdurulmadan, bazen kalp-akci\u011fer makinesi ba\u011flan\u0131lmadan hastaya koroner baypas yapabildiklerini anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6ksal, bu y\u00f6ntemle kalp durdurulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in risklerin az olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda hastan\u0131n bir hafta sonra taburcu olabildi\u011fini, iki 2 hafta sonra da normal hayata d\u00f6nebildi\u011fini aktararak, koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn, sabah saatlerinde tok karn\u0131na 3-4 kilometrelik tempolu y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yapmak oldu\u011funu kaydetti.<\/p>\n