<\/p>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fine (MPox) kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenler, izolasyon ve izlenme s\u00fcrecine ili\u015fkin 2022’de yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rehberi g\u00fcncelledi.<\/p>\n
Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn internet sitesindeki rehberde, vir\u00fcs ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131, hastal\u0131k hakk\u0131nda genel bilgiler, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n bula\u015fma yollar\u0131, belirtileri, tan\u0131s\u0131, tedavisi, a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, vaka temasl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n izolasyonu ve izlenmesi gibi bilgiler yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
Rehberde, M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, ate\u015f, halsizlik, yorgunluk, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k ve \u015fi\u015fmi\u015f lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmleriyle kendini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, bir dizi t\u0131bbi komplikasyona neden olabilece\u011fi ifade edildi.<\/p>\n
Semptomlar\u0131 genellikle 2-4 hafta s\u00fcren ve kendi kendini s\u0131n\u0131rlayan M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finin a\u011f\u0131r vakalara da yol a\u00e7abildi\u011fine dikkatin \u00e7ekildi\u011fi rehberde, M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin, \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fclerine benzedi\u011fi kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finin, \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha az bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 ve daha hafif seyirli bir tabloya neden oldu\u011fu belirtilen rehberde, \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131lan a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n, M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 da belirli oranda koruma sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilen antiviral ajanlar\u0131n, M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tedavisi i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finin kulu\u00e7ka s\u00fcresinin, riskli temastan semptomlar\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131na kadar olan s\u00fcre, genellikle 6-14 g\u00fcn oldu\u011fu ancak s\u00fcrenin 1-21 g\u00fcn aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fi ifade edilen rehberde, “Hayvan \u0131s\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya t\u0131rmalamas\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olan ki\u015filer, dokunmayla vir\u00fcse maruz olanlardan daha k\u0131sa bir kulu\u00e7ka s\u00fcresine (13’e kar\u015f\u0131 9 g\u00fcn) sahip olabilir.” bilgisi verildi.<\/p>\n
Klinik tablonun, ate\u015f, yo\u011fun ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerinin \u015fi\u015fmesi, s\u0131rt a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kas a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ve yo\u011fun halsizlikle ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen rehberde, bu bulgular\u0131n ilk 5 g\u00fcn \u00f6n planda oldu\u011fu kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
Rehberde, lenf d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerinin \u015fi\u015fmesinin, geli\u015fimi ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tan\u0131da yer alabilecek su\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi, k\u0131zam\u0131k ve \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu kadar \u00f6n planda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi i\u00e7in tan\u0131y\u0131 destekleyici bulgu olarak kabul edilebilece\u011fi vurgulanarak, deri d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn genellikle ate\u015fin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan sonraki 1-3 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirildi.<\/p>\n
Rehberde, enfekte ki\u015fiyle uzun s\u00fcreli yak\u0131n temas, ki\u015finin lezyonlar\u0131yla temas edecek \u015fekilde sar\u0131lma, masaj, cinsel temas, cilt lezyonlar\u0131 ile b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bozulmu\u015f deri veya mukozalarla do\u011frudan temas veya yak\u0131n zamanda cilt lezyonlar\u0131na temas etmi\u015f yatak \u00e7ar\u015faf\u0131 ve havluyla yak\u0131n temastan insandan insana bula\u015fma olabilece\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Ate\u015fle birlikte belirtilerden biri veya birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 durumunda ki\u015finin olas\u0131 vaka olarak incelenebilece\u011fine de\u011finilen rehberde, kesin tan\u0131 i\u00e7in ki\u015fiden al\u0131nan \u00f6rnekte PCR pozitifli\u011finin tespit edilmesinin gerekti\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekildi.<\/p>\n
Rehberde, olas\u0131 vaka ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda, standart enfeksiyon kontrol \u00f6nlemlerinin tam olarak uygulanmas\u0131, el hijyenine maksimum \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmesi istendi.<\/p>\n
Olas\u0131 vaka tan\u0131m\u0131na uyan ki\u015finin cerrahi maske takmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine vurgu yap\u0131lan rehberde, sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin N95 maske, g\u00f6zl\u00fck veya siperlik, eldiven ve \u00f6nl\u00fck gibi ki\u015fisel koruyucu ekipman kullanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130zolasyon s\u00fcresinin cilt lezyonunun \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk g\u00fcn\u00fc takip eden 21 g\u00fcn boyunca oldu\u011fu ifade edilen rehberde, “Klinik bulgular\u0131 nedeniyle hastane \u015fartlar\u0131nda izolasyon gerekiyorsa olas\u0131 vaka tek ki\u015filik odada standart enfeksiyon kontrol \u00f6nlemlerine ilave olarak temas \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131narak izlenmelidir.” bilgisi yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tedavisi i\u00e7in kesin olmamakla birlikte baz\u0131 antivirallerin etkili olabilece\u011finin belirtildi\u011fi rehberde, semptomlar\u0131 hafifletmek, komplikasyonlar\u0131 y\u00f6netmek ve uzun vadeli sekelleri \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in klinik bak\u0131m ve destekleyici tedavi verilmesi gerekti\u011fine vurgu yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Lezyon b\u00f6lgesine g\u00f6re s\u0131cak su banyolar\u0131 ve a\u011fr\u0131 kesicilerin gerekti\u011finde kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi kaydedilen rehberde, takip s\u0131ras\u0131nda nadiren ensefalit (beyin iltihab\u0131) ve miyokardit (kalp kas\u0131 iltihab\u0131) gibi durumlar\u0131n g\u00f6zlenebilece\u011fi, bunlar\u0131n tedavisinde olgu bazl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nerildi\u011fi ifade edildi.<\/p>\n
Rehberde, \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n rutin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u015f\u0131s\u0131yla a\u015f\u0131lananlarda, \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fini \u00f6nlemede yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 85 oran\u0131nda etkili oldu\u011funun g\u00f6zlemsel birka\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla kan\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Bu nedenle daha \u00f6nce \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olanlar\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha hafif ge\u00e7irebilece\u011fi ya da hastal\u0131ktan korunabilece\u011fi ifade edilen rehberde, “\u00c7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nceden a\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6stergesi olarak \u00f6n kol \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131 izi kabul edilebilir.” bilgisi verildi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7i\u00e7ek a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n klinik kullan\u0131ma sunulmu\u015f durumda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131lan rehberde, yeni bir a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, 2019’da M \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011finin \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131 ile ABD G\u0131da ve \u0130la\u00e7 Ajans\u0131 (FDA) ve Avrupa \u0130la\u00e7 Ajans\u0131ndan (EMA) kullan\u0131m onay\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 olarak ula\u015f\u0131labilir durumda oldu\u011fu ifade edildi.<\/p>\n
Rehberde, M \u00c7i\u00e7e\u011fi Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Vaka Bildirim Formu’na da yer verildi.<\/p>\n