<\/p>\n
Ye\u015filay Bilim Kurulu \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Toker Erg\u00fcder, t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmada kesin karar vermenin \u00f6nem arz etti\u011fini, sa\u011fl\u0131k profesyonelleri ve destek gruplar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m al\u0131nabilece\u011fini belirterek, “Tetikleyicilerden uzak durun, stresle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma y\u00f6ntemleri geli\u015ftirin. Egzersiz yapmak, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131kla m\u00fccadelede yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.” tavsiyesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin i\u00e7inde bulunan nikotin maddesine kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015fen fiziksel ve psikolojik d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. <\/p>\n
Asl\u0131nda insan v\u00fccudu i\u00e7in gerekli bir madde olmayan nikotin, zamanla kullan\u0131c\u0131da ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015ftiriyor ve kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sinirlilik, anksiyete, konsantrasyon g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi yoksunluk belirtileri g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n
Bu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 toplumda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k olu\u015fturmak ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ya\u015fam davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcnce 31 May\u0131s “D\u00fcnya T\u00fct\u00fcns\u00fcz G\u00fcn\u00fc” olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcn bu y\u0131lki temas\u0131 “\u00c7ocuklar\u0131 t\u00fct\u00fcn end\u00fcstrisinin m\u00fcdahalesinden korumak” olarak ilan edildi.<\/p>\n
Ye\u015filay Bilim Kurulu \u00dcyesi ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bilimleri \u00dcniversitesi G\u00fclhane T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Anabilim Dal\u0131 \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Toker Erg\u00fcder, d\u00fcnya genelinde her y\u0131l 8 milyondan fazla erken ve \u00f6nlenebilir \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn t\u00fct\u00fcnle ili\u015fkili oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Erg\u00fcder, bunlardan 7 milyonunun sigara i\u00e7ti\u011fini, 1,3 milyonunun ise sigara i\u00e7medi\u011fi halde ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ti\u011fi sigaran\u0131n duman\u0131na maruz kalan ki\u015filer oldu\u011funu kaydetti.<\/p>\n
Sigara duman\u0131nda 7 binden fazla kimyasal madde bulundu\u011funa dikkati \u00e7eken Erg\u00fcder, “Bu kimyasallar\u0131n en az 69’u kansere neden olur. Sigara i\u00e7mek v\u00fccudun hemen hemen her yerinde kansere neden olur. \u015eu andaki bilgilerimize g\u00f6re ba\u015fta akci\u011fer olmak \u00fczere 12 organda kansere neden olmaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda sigara, v\u00fccudun ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini zay\u0131flat\u0131r. Bu, v\u00fccudunuzun kanser h\u00fccrelerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesini zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya T\u00fct\u00fcns\u00fcz G\u00fcn\u00fc’n\u00fcn \u00f6nemine i\u015faret eden Prof. Dr. Erg\u00fcder, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n
“D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcne \u00fcye \u00fclkeler, t\u00fct\u00fcn salg\u0131n\u0131na ve bunun yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlenebilir \u00f6l\u00fcm ve hastal\u0131klara k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte dikkati \u00e7ekmek amac\u0131yla 1987’de D\u00fcnya T\u00fct\u00fcne Hay\u0131r G\u00fcn\u00fc’n\u00fc olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. 1987’de D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k Asamblesi, 7 Nisan 1988’in ‘D\u00fcnyada Sigaras\u0131z G\u00fcn’ olmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan WHA40.38 Karar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti. Daha sonra 1988’de, her y\u0131l 31 May\u0131s’ta T\u00fct\u00fcns\u00fcz Bir D\u00fcnya G\u00fcn\u00fc’n\u00fcn kutlanmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan WHA42.19 Karar\u0131 kabul edildi. 1988’den bu yana 31 May\u0131s t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada t\u00fct\u00fcn end\u00fcstrisinin kirli oyunlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karmak ve toplumlarda sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131 konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmak i\u00e7in kutlanmaktad\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Erg\u00fcder, bu y\u0131lki “\u00c7ocuklar\u0131 ve gen\u00e7leri t\u00fct\u00fcn end\u00fcstrisinin m\u00fcdahalesinden korumak” temas\u0131yla ilgili olarak ise \u015fu ifadeleri kulland\u0131:<\/p>\n
“Ne yaz\u0131k ki d\u00fcnya genelinde 13-15 ya\u015f aras\u0131 37 milyon \u00e7ocuk t\u00fct\u00fcn kullanmaktad\u0131r. DS\u00d6, h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri, gen\u00e7leri t\u00fct\u00fcn, e-sigara ve di\u011fer nikotin \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden, bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayarak veya s\u0131k\u0131 bir \u015fekilde d\u00fczenleyerek korumaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. DS\u00d6’n\u00fcn tavsiyeleri aras\u0131nda; halka a\u00e7\u0131k, kapal\u0131 alanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 100 dumans\u0131z hale getirilmesi, aromal\u0131 e-sigaralar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131, pazarlama, reklam ve tan\u0131t\u0131m yasaklar\u0131, daha y\u00fcksek vergiler, end\u00fcstrinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 aldat\u0131c\u0131 taktikler konusunda kamuoyunun fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve gen\u00e7lerin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde e\u011fitim ve fark\u0131ndal\u0131k giri\u015fimlerinin desteklenmesi yer al\u0131yor.”<\/p>\n
Bu y\u0131lki kampanyan\u0131n amac\u0131na de\u011finen Prof. Dr. Erg\u00fcder, t\u00fct\u00fcn end\u00fcstrisinin gen\u00e7leri \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 kalabilecekleri zararl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri kullanmaya te\u015fvik etmeyi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Erg\u00fcder, t\u00fct\u00fcn end\u00fcstrisinin izin verilen \u00fclkelerde geleneksel pazarlama yoluyla, t\u00fct\u00fcn pazarlamas\u0131na k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar getirilen \u00fclkelerde ise s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi dijital pazarlama ve e\u011flence medyas\u0131ndaki tasvirler yoluyla gen\u00e7lere ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydetti.<\/p>\n
Gen\u00e7lere harekete ge\u00e7me \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan Erg\u00fcder, “D\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndaki gen\u00e7lik gruplar\u0131, devletlerini t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve nikotin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik tedbirler almaya te\u015fvik edebilir. Gen\u00e7ler, t\u00fct\u00fcn \u015firketlerinin faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki, \u015fimdiki ve gelecekteki zararlardan sorumlu tutulmas\u0131 ve mali olarak y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunabilirler.” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Erg\u00fcder, sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakman\u0131n 12 farkl\u0131 kanser riskini azaltt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k durumunu iyile\u015ftirdi\u011fini ve ya\u015fam beklentisini 10 y\u0131la kadar uzatabildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Elektronik sigaralar\u0131n, sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmada yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin kan\u0131tlar\u0131n yetersiz oldu\u011funu aktaran Prof. Dr. Erg\u00fcder, “Ara\u015ft\u0131rma bulgular\u0131, e-sigara kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi deneysel kullan\u0131mda bile daha sonra geleneksel sigara kullanma olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kullanmayanlara g\u00f6re iki kat daha fazla oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.” dedi.<\/p>\n
Ya\u015fam\u0131n erken d\u00f6neminde sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakman\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha fazla fayda sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydeden Erg\u00fcder, “Sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak her ya\u015fta sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa faydal\u0131d\u0131r. Uzun y\u0131llar sigara i\u00e7mi\u015f veya \u00e7ok sigara i\u00e7mi\u015f ki\u015filer bile sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmaktan fayda g\u00f6recektir. Sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak, aile \u00fcyelerini, i\u015f arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011ferlerini pasif i\u00e7icilikten kaynaklanan sa\u011fl\u0131k risklerinden koruman\u0131n en iyi yoludur.” de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Erg\u00fcder, sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak i\u00e7in \u00fccretsiz hizmet veren Ye\u015filay Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k Merkezlerine ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ALO 171 Sigara B\u0131rakma Dan\u0131\u015fma Hatt\u0131na ba\u015fvurulabilece\u011fini belirterek, “Uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczeyi de\u011ferlendirilir, ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel tedavi plan\u0131 olu\u015fturulur, gerekirse t\u0131bbi destek sa\u011flan\u0131r. Tedavi s\u00fcrecinde psikolojik ve sosyal destek sunulur, s\u00fcrecin izlenmesi ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi sa\u011flan\u0131r.” dedi.<\/p>\n
Harici yollar\u0131n da mevcut oldu\u011funa vurgu yapan Erg\u00fcder, “T\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmaya kesin karar verin. Sa\u011fl\u0131k profesyonelleri, dan\u0131\u015fmanlar veya destek gruplar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m al\u0131n. Tetikleyicilerden uzak durun, stresle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma y\u00f6ntemleri geli\u015ftirin. Egzersiz yapmak, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131kla m\u00fccadelede yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. B\u0131rakma plan\u0131 haz\u0131rlay\u0131n, tarih belirleyin ve bu plana sad\u0131k kal\u0131n. Yoksunluk belirtilerinin ge\u00e7ici oldu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n ve pes etmeyin.” tavsiyelerinde bulundu.<\/p>\n
Erg\u00fcder, tetikleyicilerle ilgili olarak ise “Nikotin hem fizyolojik hem de psikolojik ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 bir maddedir. Sigara i\u00e7ilen ortamlarda bulunulmas\u0131, sigara paketleri, k\u00fcl tablalar\u0131 ve \u00e7akmaklar ki\u015fide i\u00e7me iste\u011fi do\u011furur. O nedenle biz sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakanlardan bu kararlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00e7evreleriyle payla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131, sigara i\u00e7ilen ortamlarda bulunmamalar\u0131n\u0131, evde, i\u015f yerinde sigara, k\u00fcl tablas\u0131, \u00e7akmak gibi nesneleri kald\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 istiyoruz. Ayr\u0131ca sigaray\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fin kahve ile i\u00e7iyorsa bir m\u00fcddet buna da ara vermesini istiyoruz.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n