<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk Hematoloji Derne\u011fi \u00fcyesi Prof. Dr. T\u00fclin Tiraje Celkan, 8 May\u0131s D\u00fcnya Talasemi G\u00fcn\u00fc doyas\u0131yla, AA muhabirine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, talaseminin genellikle Akdeniz \u00fclkelerindeki \u0131rklarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen, do\u011facak \u00e7ocu\u011fa anne ve babas\u0131ndan “Beta Talasemi” geninin ge\u00e7i\u015fi ile olu\u015fan bir \u00e7e\u015fit kal\u0131tsal hastal\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fc oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kemik ili\u011finde ya da dola\u015f\u0131mda y\u0131k\u0131ma neden olabildi\u011fini ve bu durumun farkl\u0131 d\u00fczeylerde anemi olarak bilinen kans\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa ve farkl\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abildi\u011fini anlatan Celkan, ayr\u0131ca bunlar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu kemiklerde de\u011fi\u015fim, b\u00fcy\u00fcme gerili\u011fi ve demir y\u00fck\u00fc gibi problemlerin de g\u00f6r\u00fclebildi\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n
Celkan, talaseminin d\u00fcnyada en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan tek gen hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ederek, “Akdeniz \u00fclkeleri ile Asya ve Afrika’n\u0131n ekvator ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131na yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerinde s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artmaktad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lge, talasemi ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki talasemi prevelans\u0131 y\u00fczde 2,5 ile y\u00fczde 15 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Her ne kadar Akdeniz b\u00f6lgesi ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya’da s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclse de d\u00fcnya genelinde t\u00fcm etnik gruplarda ve co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgelerdeki yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc etkilemektedir.” bilgisini verdi.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’nin de talasemi ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Celkan, “Talasemi, \u00fclkemizde G\u00fcney ve Bat\u0131 Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda ciddi bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’de yakla\u015f\u0131k bir milyon 300 bin talasemi ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve 4 bin civar\u0131nda talasemi hastas\u0131 oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Bu hastalar\u0131n en s\u0131k \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeni kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Celkan, soluk tenin genellikle hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk bulgusu oldu\u011funu belirterek, b\u00fcy\u00fcme, geli\u015fme gerili\u011fi ve dalak b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7o\u011funlukla bu duruma e\u015flik etti\u011fini aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ya\u015fam\u0131n ilk 4-6 ay\u0131nda hastalarda anemi geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden Celkan, hastal\u0131\u011fa ili\u015fkin \u015fu bilgileri verdi:<\/p>\n
“Halsizlik, beslenmeyle ili\u015fkili sorunlar, solukluk, tart\u0131 al\u0131m\u0131nda yetersizlik, b\u00fcy\u00fcme, geli\u015fme gerili\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Tan\u0131 almad\u0131klar\u0131 durumlarda ise aneminin derinle\u015fmesine ikincil kalp yetersizli\u011fi nedeniyle hastalar kaybedilebilir. \u0130lerleyen d\u00f6nemlerde ise b\u00fcy\u00fcme, geli\u015fme gerili\u011fi belirginle\u015fir ve yass\u0131 kemiklerde, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcz kemiklerinde b\u00fcy\u00fcme saptan\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca osteoporoz ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 patolojik k\u0131r\u0131klar g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.”<\/p>\n
Celkan, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tedavisinde kan transf\u00fczyonlar\u0131 ile verilen fazla demiri v\u00fccuttan uzakla\u015ft\u0131ran ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131labildi\u011fini, komplikasyonlar\u0131n ve kesin tedavinin ise hematopoetik k\u00f6k h\u00fccre nakli oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle uzun s\u00fcre orta d\u00fczeyde anemik seyreden hastalarda dalak b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 kan\u0131n dalakta g\u00f6llenmesinin geli\u015febildi\u011fini dile getiren Celkan, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
“Bu durum transf\u00fczyon ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n daha da artmas\u0131na neden olur. 5 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fcndeki hastalarda dala\u011f\u0131n ameliyatla \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 tedavi se\u00e7ene\u011fi olabilir. Hematopoetik k\u00f6k h\u00fccre naklinin ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 58-91 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde bu konuda \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda genetik hastal\u0131klarda viral vekt\u00f6r kullan\u0131larak gen tedavileri denenmektedir. Maliyeti y\u00fcksektir.”<\/p>\n
Celkan, talaseminin evlilik \u00f6ncesi tarama yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda saptanabilen bir hastal\u0131k oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek, “Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 81 ilde rutin olarak yap\u0131lan testler neticesinde bireylerin her ikisi de ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funda tarama programlar\u0131n\u0131 mecbur tutmaktad\u0131r.” dedi.<\/p>\n