\n<\/p>\n
Japon h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, \u00fclke g\u00fcndeminde uzun s\u00fcredir tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rlerin mevcut 60 y\u0131ll\u0131k limitlerinin \u00f6tesinde i\u015fletilmesi karar\u0131n\u0131 10 \u015eubat’ta ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
Buna g\u00f6re, \u00fclkenin enerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve karbon sal\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde tesislerin \u00f6m\u00fcrlerinin 60 y\u0131l ve \u00f6tesine uzat\u0131lmas\u0131, yeni reakt\u00f6rlerin in\u015fa edilmesi hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n
Bu kapsamda, yenilenebilir enerji ve n\u00fckleer enerji kapasitesinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik gelecek 10 y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 152 milyar dolarl\u0131k “ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm” projeleri hayata ge\u00e7irilecek, 2030’lu y\u0131llarda yeni nesil reakt\u00f6rler devreye al\u0131nacak.<\/p>\n
Japonya’da 2011’de ya\u015fanan Fuku\u015fima n\u00fckleer felaketinden sonra h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu karar, n\u00fckleer enerji konusunda \u00fclke i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor.<\/p>\n
Japonya’n\u0131n n\u00fckleer enerji politikas\u0131yla ilgili karar\u0131n\u0131 AA muhabirine de\u011ferlendiren TESPAM Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Akyener, “Japonya’n\u0131n n\u00fckleer d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f karar\u0131yla ilgili att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131m\u0131 bekliyorduk. Bu zaten makul, at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir ad\u0131md\u0131.” dedi.<\/p>\n
Rusya-Ukrayna Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle do\u011fal gaz fiyatlar\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek art\u0131\u015f nedeniyle Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nin de kaynak \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmesine giderek n\u00fckleer enerjiyi temiz enerji s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na dahil etti\u011fini an\u0131msatan Akyener, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresel ve mevsimsel etkilerden dolay\u0131 baz y\u00fck konusunda elektrik \u00fcretim s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi.<\/p>\n
Akyener, do\u011fal gaz ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr fiyatlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015fa dikkati \u00e7ekerek, “Bu perspektiften bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, n\u00fckleer enerji ger\u00e7ekten Japonya i\u00e7in bir kurtulu\u015f, tek yol oluyor. ‘Ben temiz enerjiye ge\u00e7ece\u011fim, karbon emisyonlar\u0131m\u0131 azaltaca\u011f\u0131m, do\u011fal gaz ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr gibi kaynaklar\u0131n fiyat dalgalanmalar\u0131ndan etkilenmeyece\u011fim’ diye ad\u0131m atmak isteyen her \u00fclkenin kesinlikle n\u00fckleer enerjiye yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmas\u0131 gerekir. Japonya da zaten bu ba\u011flamda sonunda makul bir karar ald\u0131.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Japonya’n\u0131n n\u00fckleer enerji politikas\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimde \u00fclkenin Rusya ve \u00c7in ile ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerilimler nedeniyle enerjide d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azaltma hedefinin etkili olmu\u015f olabilece\u011fine i\u015faret eden Akyener, “Bunu daha fazla yerli kaynak t\u00fcketimiyle alakal\u0131 bir aksiyon olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz.” dedi.<\/p>\n
Japonya’da 48,8 gigavat kurulu g\u00fc\u00e7 kapasitesinde 17 n\u00fckleer santralde 54 reakt\u00f6r bulunuyor. \u00dclkede Mart 2011’de ya\u015fanan 9 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki deprem ve sonras\u0131ndaki tsunaminin Fuku\u015fima N\u00fckleer Santrali’nde radyoaktif s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131ya yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 nedeniyle elektrik \u00fcretiminde radikal de\u011fi\u015fikliklere gidildi.<\/p>\n
Fuku\u015fima felaketi sonras\u0131nda reakt\u00f6rlerin \u00e7o\u011fu tedricen kapat\u0131larak n\u00fckleerden elektrik \u00fcretimi 2015 itibar\u0131yla y\u00fczde 1’e kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Sonraki y\u0131llarda reakt\u00f6rlerin kademeli \u015fekilde yeniden devreye al\u0131nmas\u0131yla n\u00fckleerin elektrik \u00fcretimindeki pay\u0131 2020’de y\u00fczde 4’e, 2021’de y\u00fczde 6 seviyesine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkede hali haz\u0131rda 10 n\u00fckleer reakt\u00f6rde aktif elektrik \u00fcretimi yap\u0131l\u0131rken, yaz aylar\u0131na kadar kapal\u0131 reakt\u00f6rlerin 7’sinin daha devreye al\u0131nmas\u0131 planlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Elektrikte kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fc 350 gigavat\u0131 a\u015fan Japonya’n\u0131n 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 elektrik \u00fcretiminde fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 71,7, yenilenebilir enerjinin pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 22,4, n\u00fckleer enerjinin pay\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 5,9 olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n
S\u00f6z konusu \u00fcretimin y\u00fczde 31,7’si s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f do\u011fal gaz (LNG), 26,5’i k\u00f6m\u00fcr, kalan\u0131 ise di\u011fer fosil kaynaklar kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkede 2021’de a\u00e7\u0131klanan 6. Ulusal Stratejik Enerji Plan\u0131’na g\u00f6re, 2030’da n\u00fckleerin elektrik \u00fcretimindeki pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 22’ye, yenilenebilir enerjinin pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 38’e \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, LNG’nin pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 20’ye, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 19’a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi planlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n