Etlik \u015eehir Hastanesi \u00c7ocuk Alerji ve \u0130mm\u00fcnoloji Klinik sorumlusu Do\u00e7. Dr. Seda \u015eirin, 9 \u015eubat D\u00fcnya Sigaray\u0131 B\u0131rakma G\u00fcn\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla AA muhabirine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, d\u00fcnya genelinde t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ciddi bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131na maruz kalman\u0131n t\u00fcm sistemlerde hastal\u0131klara yol a\u00e7abildi\u011fini vurgulayan \u015eirin, aktif ve pasif i\u00e7icili\u011fin etkilerinin birbirine benzer \u015fekilde olumsuz sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na neden oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/uploads\/userFiles\/de89f914-66b1-4a0b-9347-13c0eafe70cc\/2024%2F02%2F20240209_2_62482734_97567709.jpg\"\/)
<\/p>\n
\u015eirin, do\u011frudan t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n aktif i\u00e7icilik, dolayl\u0131 olarak i\u00e7en ki\u015finin \u00fczerine sinen dumana ya da ortamda solunan havan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki kirletici gazlara maruz kalman\u0131n da pasif i\u00e7icilik olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n
T\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve dolayl\u0131 etkilenimin, hava yolunda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret eden \u015eirin, bunun da \u00f6zellikle alerjik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n geli\u015fiminde etkili oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
\u015eirin, \u00f6zelikle bu etkilenimin \u00e7ocuk ya\u015f grubunda daha fazla oldu\u011funu vurgulayarak, “Hava yolundaki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak alerjik nezle, rinit, ast\u0131m gibi hastal\u0131klar geli\u015febilir veya sigara duman\u0131na maruziyet sonras\u0131 bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunanlarda \u00e7ok daha fazla alevlenme ve ast\u0131m ataklar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nabilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve dumana maruziyet hem hastal\u0131klar\u0131n geli\u015fiminde hem de mevcut hastal\u0131klar\u0131n alevlenmesine zemin haz\u0131rlar.” uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Pasif i\u00e7icili\u011fe maruz kalan \u00e7ocuklarda hastal\u0131k s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da bir art\u0131\u015f\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu olabildi\u011fine dikkati \u00e7eken \u015eirin, \u015funlar\u0131 dile getirdi:<\/p>\n
“T\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131na maruz kalan \u00e7ocuklarda 2-4 kat aras\u0131nda ast\u0131m riski artmaktad\u0131r. Hatta gebelik d\u00f6neminde sigara i\u00e7en annelerin bebeklerinde ilk bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde t\u00fct\u00fcn kullanmayanlara oranla 2-4 kat aras\u0131nda da ast\u0131m riskinin y\u00fckseldi\u011fi ortaya konmu\u015ftur. Y\u0131lda 300’den fazla sigara t\u00fcketen ergenlerde de ast\u0131m riskinin 4-8 kat aras\u0131nda artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla ispatlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bebeklik d\u00f6neminde ast\u0131m tan\u0131s\u0131 olanlar tedaviyle iyile\u015febilirken, bu ki\u015filerin yeti\u015fkinlikte t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnleri kullanmas\u0131 halinde ge\u00e7irilen hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tekrarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde pasif i\u00e7icilik, \u00e7ocuklarda alerjik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n geli\u015fmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da 2-4 kat oran\u0131nda riski art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
“Baz\u0131 \u00e7ocuklarda her enfeksiyondan sonra iyile\u015fme s\u00fcresi uzun s\u00fcrebilir”<\/h3>\n
\u015eirin, kapal\u0131 ortamda biriken gazlara ilave sigara duman\u0131n\u0131n da hava kalitesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek, \u00e7ocuklarda ast\u0131m d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, \u00e7e\u015fitli bron\u015fiyolitlerin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine ve enfeksiyon s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011funu anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ast\u0131m ve alerjik reaksiyonlara ili\u015fkin de bilgi veren \u015eirin, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
“Enfeksiyon sonras\u0131nda \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn bir aydan fazla devam etmesi, \u00f6zellikle geceleri \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn artmas\u0131, ko\u015fma, a\u011flama, g\u00fclme gibi durumlarda h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131 \u015feklinde kuru \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ba\u015flamas\u0131 ast\u0131m belirtileri olabilir. Burun t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hap\u015f\u0131r\u0131k, g\u00f6zlerde ya\u015farma ve k\u0131zar\u0131kl\u0131k olmas\u0131 halinde de \u00e7ocu\u011fun alerji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Baz\u0131 \u00e7ocuklarda da her enfeksiyondan sonra iyile\u015fme s\u00fcresi uzun s\u00fcrebilir. Sigara duman\u0131na maruziyetin kesilmesi halinde, ast\u0131m ve alerji tan\u0131s\u0131 bulunan \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n iyile\u015fme s\u00fcreci iyi giderken, pasif i\u00e7icili\u011fin devam etmesi durumunda artan hastane yat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hatta yo\u011fun bak\u0131ma kadar gidebilen a\u011f\u0131r solunum yolu enfeksiyonlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor.”<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, balkonda bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin i\u00e7ilmesinin de ev i\u00e7i kapsam\u0131na girdi\u011fini aktaran \u015eirin, “\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131yafetlerine sinmekte ve yine ortam\u0131 kirletmektedir. T\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra k\u0131yafetlerin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, ellerin ve y\u00fcz\u00fcn y\u0131kanmas\u0131 ve en az yar\u0131m saat a\u00e7\u0131k havada kal\u0131nmas\u0131 halinde bile ki\u015finin \u00fcst\u00fcndeki kirleticiler bir miktar azalmaktad\u0131r.” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n