{"id":26023,"date":"2024-02-08T21:16:28","date_gmt":"2024-02-08T21:16:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kraios.app\/news\/saglik\/2024\/02\/08\/elektronik-sigara-kullanimina-bagli-akciger-hastaligi-tanimlandi\/"},"modified":"2024-02-08T21:16:28","modified_gmt":"2024-02-08T21:16:28","slug":"elektronik-sigara-kullanimina-bagli-akciger-hastaligi-tanimlandi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kraios.app\/news\/saglik\/2024\/02\/08\/elektronik-sigara-kullanimina-bagli-akciger-hastaligi-tanimlandi\/","title":{"rendered":"Elektronik sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131mland\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

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T\u00fcrkiye Solunum Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Derne\u011fi Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131 ve Ba\u015fkent \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Ana Bilim Dal\u0131 Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. \u015eule Ak\u00e7ay, 9 \u015eubat D\u00fcnya Sigaray\u0131 B\u0131rakma G\u00fcn\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla AA muhabirine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, sigara nedeniyle d\u00fcnyada her y\u0131l 8 milyon ki\u015finin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Sigaran\u0131n t\u00fcm kanserlerin y\u00fczde 30’undan sorumlu oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden Ak\u00e7ay, t\u00fct\u00fcn kullanan her 2 ki\u015fiden birinin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zaman i\u00e7inde kaybetti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131. Ak\u00e7ay, “\u00dclkemizde t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00fcnde 250 ki\u015fi \u00f6l\u00fcyor.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e7ay, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn “Avrupa T\u00fct\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m Davran\u0131\u015f Raporu”na g\u00f6re, sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n erken \u00f6l\u00fcm riskini de art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n

“Ba\u015fta akci\u011fer kanseri olmak \u00fczere kronik obstr\u00fcktif akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 (KOAH), hipertansiyon ve damar sertli\u011fi gibi kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131, mide-ba\u011f\u0131rsak hastal\u0131klar\u0131, diyabet, idrar yolu hastal\u0131klar\u0131, beyin fonksiyon bozukluklar\u0131, unutkanl\u0131k, g\u00f6z tansiyonu ve baz\u0131 cilt hastal\u0131klar\u0131 sigara i\u00e7enlerde i\u00e7meyenlere g\u00f6re daha fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. T\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnleri kullan\u0131m\u0131 hem kad\u0131n hem erkeklerde \u00fcreme sistemi bozukluklar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abiliyor. Gebeli\u011fin g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015fmesinin yan\u0131nda gebelik olu\u015fmu\u015fsa kad\u0131nlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yapmas\u0131na, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve erken bebek veya \u00f6l\u00fc do\u011fumlara da neden olabiliyor.”<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e7ay, sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Kovid-19 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 hassasiyeti de art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“Elektronik sigaran\u0131n, sigara b\u0131rakmakta kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 asla s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil”<\/h3>\n

Ak\u00e7ay, son y\u0131llarda t\u00fct\u00fcn end\u00fcstrisinin “zarar\u0131 azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn” diye yeni bir kavramla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirerek, bunlar\u0131n bir pazarlama y\u00f6ntemi oldu\u011funa dikkati \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklar ve gen\u00e7lerin, “sigaradan farkl\u0131” diye pazarlanan, fla\u015f belle\u011fe benzer yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnlerle nikotin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7ekilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden Ak\u00e7ay, \u015fu uyar\u0131larda bulundu:<\/p>\n

“Elektronik sigara ve \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u00fct\u00fcn sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa kesinlikle zararl\u0131. Elektronik sigaralar\u0131n duman\u0131n\u0131n su buhar\u0131 oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131 kesinlikle yanl\u0131\u015f. Elektronik sigara, i\u00e7inde nikotin ve tatland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bulunan kimyasal s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131, pilli \u0131s\u0131tma sistemi reaksiyonuyla kimyasal bir aerosole d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir \u00fcr\u00fcn. \u00c7ocuk ve gen\u00e7lerin dikkatini \u00e7ekmek \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015f 16 bini a\u015fk\u0131n yapay bile\u015fen var. Bunlar aynen mentoll\u00fc sigaralar gibi \u00f6zellikle ya\u015f\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ki\u015fileri \u00f6zendirmeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Elektronik sigaran\u0131n ve \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin sigara b\u0131rakmakta kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi bir \u015fey asla s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil.”<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e7ay, elektronik sigara ve \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin sigarada oldu\u011fu gibi sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehdit etti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk olarak 17 ya\u015f\u0131nda Amerikal\u0131 bir \u00f6\u011frencide tespit edildi<\/h3>\n

Sigara, kanserler, zat\u00fcrre, ast\u0131m, kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 gibi kronik sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7arken, elektronik sigaralar\u0131n ise bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra aniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan akut hasarlara neden oldu\u011funu anlatan Ak\u00e7ay, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n

“Is\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnleri oldu\u011fundan bataryan\u0131n patlamas\u0131 halinde el, a\u011f\u0131z ve y\u00fczde yan\u0131klara, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7indeki ya\u011fl\u0131 bile\u015fenler de akci\u011fer hasar\u0131na neden oluyor. Sadece elektronik sigara t\u00fcketen ki\u015filerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni bir hastal\u0131k tan\u0131mland\u0131. Bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ismi de elektronik sigara ili\u015fkili akci\u011fer hasar\u0131 ‘EVALI’ olarak isimlendirildi. Bu hastal\u0131k, sadece elektronik sigara t\u00fcketirken ki\u015fide olu\u015fan akut akci\u011fer hasar\u0131. Yani elektronik sigara, kronik yan etkilerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra akut sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

EVALI, 17 ya\u015f\u0131nda bir Amerikal\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenci, akut solunum yetmezli\u011fiyle hastaneye ba\u015fvuruyor ve her iki akci\u011ferinde yayg\u0131n zat\u00fcrre saptan\u0131yor. \u00d6yk\u00fc derinle\u015ftirildi\u011finde yak\u0131n zamanda elektronik sigara t\u00fcketti\u011fi \u00f6\u011freniliyor. Bir\u00e7ok hastal\u0131k elendi\u011finde elektronik sigarayla geli\u015fen bir hastal\u0131k oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ve EVALI ismiyle bir hastal\u0131k olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor.”<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e7ay, art\u0131k hastalara muayenede sadece sigara de\u011fil, elektronik sigara kullan\u0131p kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da sorduklar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi.<\/p>\n

Elektronik sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 akut akci\u011fer hasar\u0131n\u0131n belirtilerine ili\u015fkin Ak\u00e7ay, \u015fu bilgileri payla\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n

“Son 90 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde elektronik sigara ve t\u00fcrevlerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, ki\u015fide balgam, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ate\u015f, bulant\u0131, kusma, ishal, kilo kayb\u0131, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k semptomlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve akci\u011fer grafisinde her iki tarafta zat\u00fcrre g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc oldu\u011funda art\u0131k bu ki\u015fiye EVALI tan\u0131s\u0131 konuluyor. EVALI art\u0131k hastal\u0131k kod s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131nda yer almaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu art\u0131k hem \u00fclkemizde hem d\u00fcnyada bilinen bir hastal\u0131k haline geldi.”<\/p>\n

Bu tan\u0131n\u0131n konuldu\u011fu ki\u015fide tedavi s\u00fcrecindeki en \u00f6nemli basama\u011f\u0131n t\u00fct\u00fcne maruz kalman\u0131n sonland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu vurgulayan Ak\u00e7ay, elektronik sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 halinde akci\u011ferde kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarlar\u0131n geli\u015febildi\u011fini dile getirdi.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e7ay, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in elektronik sigaran\u0131n en az geleneksel sigara gibi zararl\u0131 oldu\u011funun unutulmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade ederek, “Elektronik sigaralar, sigara b\u0131rakma arac\u0131 de\u011fildir, sigara i\u00e7menin ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015fmesinin ba\u015fka bir kap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Bu normalize edilemez. Bunlar\u0131n tamam\u0131 hastal\u0131k nedenidir.” uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n


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