Kad\u0131n hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve do\u011fum uzmanlar\u0131 ile Kanser Erken Te\u015fhis, Tarama ve E\u011fitim Merkezi’nde (KETEM) g\u00f6revli hekimler, d\u00fcnyada kad\u0131nlarda en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen kanser t\u00fcrlerinden biri olan rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanserinden korunma y\u00f6ntemleri ve tarama programlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda AA muhabirinin sorular\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Cemil Ta\u015fc\u0131o\u011flu \u015eehir Hastanesi Kad\u0131n Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve Do\u011fum Uzman\u0131 Do\u00e7. Dr. Erhan Akt\u00fcrk, kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve d\u00fcnyada \u00f6nlenebilir \u00f6l\u00fcm sebepleri aras\u0131nda yer alan serviks kanserinin \u00f6nemli bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’de bu kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczenledi\u011fi kanser tarama programlar\u0131 sayesinde azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan Akt\u00fcrk, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn (DS\u00d6) serviks kanserinin 2120 y\u0131l\u0131nda ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefledi\u011fini dile getirdi.<\/p>\n
Do\u00e7. Dr. Akt\u00fcrk, rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri vakalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 99’unun cinsel temas yoluyla bula\u015fan HPV vir\u00fcs\u00fcnden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu vir\u00fcs\u00fcn de baz\u0131 tarama y\u00f6ntemleriyle tespit edilebildi\u011fini belirterek, “Rahim a\u011fz\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z h\u00fccrelerde ‘Bu vir\u00fcs var m\u0131?’ diye bakabiliyoruz. \u0130kinci bir y\u00f6ntem de smear testi. Smearle lezyonlar\u0131 kansere ilerlemeden \u00f6nce ya da \u00e7ok erken evrede kanseri kolayca tedavi edilebilecek \u015fekildeyken tespit edebiliyoruz. B\u00fct\u00fcn kad\u0131nlar d\u00fczenli aral\u0131klarla bu testleri yapt\u0131r\u0131rsa \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131n\u0131 daha da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebiliriz.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Kad\u0131n\u0131n hayat standartlar\u0131 ile sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ad\u0131na fark\u0131ndal\u0131k olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve erken \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulayan Akt\u00fcrk, bu kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcndeki bir numaral\u0131 \u00f6nlemin kad\u0131nlar\u0131n rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanserinin ne oldu\u011funu, nas\u0131l bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmesi, do\u011fru kaynaklardan bilgi almas\u0131 ve etraf\u0131n\u0131 da bilgilendirmesi oldu\u011funu ifade etti.<\/p>\n
Do\u00e7. Dr. Akt\u00fcrk, ikinci basamak korunma y\u00f6nteminin ise a\u015f\u0131lar oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ederek, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n “Bu a\u015f\u0131lar, HPV vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn kansere ilerlemesinin engellenmesi i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmu\u015f. T\u00fcrkiye’de de 9’lu a\u015f\u0131 var. Rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanserlerinin y\u00fczde 93’\u00fcne HPV’nin 7 tipi sebep oluyor. A\u015f\u0131 bu 7 tipi i\u00e7eriyor. HPV’nin ‘si\u011fil’ dedi\u011fimiz, kanser olmayan ama rahats\u0131zl\u0131k veren hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 da olu\u015fturan 2 tane tipi var. A\u015f\u0131 bunu da i\u00e7eriyor. 9-46 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm kad\u0131nlara \u00f6neriliyor. Hedef kitle, \u00f6zellikle 9-14 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuklar. Ne kadar erken yap\u0131l\u0131rsa koruyuculu\u011fu o kadar iyi oluyor ama 46 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar da bu a\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131labilir. \u00dc\u00e7 doz \u015feklinde yap\u0131l\u0131yor.”<\/p>\n HPV a\u015f\u0131s\u0131na y\u00f6nelik halk aras\u0131nda “k\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa sebep oluyor” veya “\u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyor” gibi baz\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin oldu\u011funu aktaran Akt\u00fcrk, “Bu a\u015f\u0131y\u0131 oldu\u011funuz zaman (genital) si\u011fillerin y\u00fczde 90’\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015f oluyorsunuz, rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanserine y\u00fczde 93 olas\u0131l\u0131kta daha az yakalan\u0131yorsunuz. DS\u00d6, 2030’da t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki 15 ya\u015f\u0131na gelmi\u015f k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 90’\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefliyor. Bu kadar \u00f6nemli ve \u00fczerinde durulan bir konu.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye’deki tarama program\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda 3 y\u0131lda 1 smear, 5 y\u0131lda 1 de HPV testi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, b\u00f6ylece tan\u0131n\u0131n erken konuldu\u011funu, tedaviye erken ba\u015flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan Akt\u00fcrk, a\u015f\u0131 olunsa dahi tarama testlerinin ihmal edilmemesi gerekti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n Do\u00e7. Dr. Akt\u00fcrk, HPV kansere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde y\u00fcz g\u00fcld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc olmayan sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abildi\u011fine dikkati \u00e7ekerek, kanser belirtilerini “artan yo\u011fun ak\u0131nt\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n evresine g\u00f6re lekelenme \u015feklinde veya yo\u011fun kanama, kas\u0131k a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, idrar veya b\u00fcy\u00fck abdestle ilgili problem” olarak s\u0131ralad\u0131.<\/p>\n Serviks kanserinde hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n evresine g\u00f6re kemoterapi, radyoterapi ve cerrahi gibi tedavi metotlar\u0131 bulundu\u011funu anlatan Akt\u00fcrk, bu kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcnde de ileri evrede \u00f6l\u00fcm riskinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu kaydetti.<\/p>\n Do\u00e7. Dr. Akt\u00fcrk, “T\u00fcrkiye’yle ilgili 2021 verilerine g\u00f6re, 43 milyon kad\u0131n n\u00fcfusunda 100 binde y\u00fczde 4-5 oran\u0131nda y\u0131ll\u0131k yeni vaka g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. D\u00fcnya genelinde de y\u0131lda 600 bin yeni vaka ve 350 bin \u00f6l\u00fcm oluyor. T\u00fcrkiye’de de 2021’de 43 milyon kad\u0131n n\u00fcfusunda 1300 \u00f6l\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f. D\u00fcnyada g\u00f6r\u00fclen rakamlara g\u00f6re olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye’de Ulusal Kanser Tarama Program\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri taramas\u0131 \u00fczerinde titizlikle duruluyor ve bunun sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da al\u0131n\u0131yor, \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n Rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanserine y\u00f6nelik taramalar\u0131n devlet b\u00fcnyesindeki kurulu\u015flarda \u00fccretsiz yapt\u0131r\u0131labildi\u011fini belirten Akt\u00fcrk, kamu hastanelerinin hepsinde smear al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, HPV taramalar\u0131n\u0131n da KETEM ile Aile Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Merkezlerinde (ASM) 5 y\u0131lda bir d\u00fczenli yapt\u0131r\u0131labildi\u011fini s\u00f6zlerine ekledi.<\/p>\n \u00dcmraniye \u0130l\u00e7e Sa\u011fl\u0131k M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 Dudullu KETEM’de sorumlu hekim olan Dr. Ay\u015fe Kele\u015f ise bu merkezlerde Ulusal Kanser Tarama Program\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda DS\u00d6’n\u00fcn \u00f6nerdi\u011fi rahim a\u011fz\u0131, meme ve kolorektal kanserlerine y\u00f6nelik tarama yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n Rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanserine kar\u015f\u0131 30-65 ya\u015f aras\u0131 kad\u0131nlara 5 y\u0131lda bir HPV tarama program\u0131n\u0131 uygulad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 aktaran Kele\u015f, bu ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki ki\u015filerin tarama program\u0131na dahil edilmesiyle erken evrede kanser olu\u015fumunun engellendi\u011fini ve tedavinin sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n Dr. Ay\u015fe Kele\u015f, \u0130stanbul’da ge\u00e7en y\u0131lki tarama program\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131na ili\u015fkin, “Rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul’daki birinci basamak sa\u011fl\u0131k tesislerinde yakla\u015f\u0131k 81 bin tarama ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Erken evredeki ya da hi\u00e7bir belirtisi olmayan ki\u015filere daha fazla ula\u015fmam\u0131z gerekiyor.” dedi.<\/p>\n Merkezde tan\u0131 koymad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, bir ki\u015finin riski olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettiklerini anlatan Kele\u015f, rahim a\u011fz\u0131ndan ald\u0131klar\u0131 ak\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011finde HPV pozitiflik durumu saptan\u0131rsa ileri tetkik ve tedavi i\u00e7in ki\u015finin hastaneye sevkinin sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n Dr. Kele\u015f, tarama yapt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in KETEM’den randevu almak isteyenlerin Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n internet sitesinden kendilerine en yak\u0131n merkezin bilgilerine ula\u015f\u0131p oraya direkt ba\u015fvurabileceklerini, ayr\u0131ca telefon ya da “Kanser Randevu Sistemi”nden randevu olu\u015fturabileceklerini kaydetti.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/uploads\/userFiles\/96f91bbd-282f-4a24-a12c-1b1092cfeb3b\/008_2024%2F12_Ocak%2F11_Ocak%2F28%2F20240130_2_62329289_97231196.jpg\"\/)
Foto\u011fraf: Elif K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\/AA<\/em><\/p>\n“A\u015f\u0131 ne kadar erken ya\u015fta yap\u0131l\u0131rsa koruyuculu\u011fu o kadar iyi oluyor”<\/h3>\n
“T\u00fcrkiye’de rahim a\u011fz\u0131 kanseri taramas\u0131 \u00fczerinde titizlikle duruluyor”<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/uploads\/userFiles\/96f91bbd-282f-4a24-a12c-1b1092cfeb3b\/008_2024%2F12_Ocak%2F11_Ocak%2F28%2F20240130_2_62329289_97231197.jpg\"\/)
<\/p>\nKETEM’lerdeki taramada HPV riski tespit edilenler hastaneye y\u00f6nlendiriliyor<\/h3>\n