<\/p>\n
AA muhabiri, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn (DS\u00d6) veri taban\u0131ndan c\u00fczzama ili\u015fkin bilgileri derledi.<\/p>\n
DS\u00d6’n\u00fcn sayfas\u0131ndaki verilerde, 2022’de en \u00e7ok vakan\u0131n G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya’da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kaydedilirken d\u00fcnya genelinde toplam 174 bin 59 vakan\u0131n bulundu\u011fu belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Veri taban\u0131nda 2022’de hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n en \u00e7ok g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fclkeler listesinde Hindistan, 103 bin 819 yeni vakayla ilk s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken bunu 19 bin 635 vakayla Brezilya takip etti.<\/p>\n
Endonezya ise 12 bin 441 yeni vakayla \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
C\u00fczzamdan etkilenen ki\u015filere ve aile \u00fcyelerine kar\u015f\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) \u00d6zel Raport\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. Beatriz Miranda Galarza, bu hastal\u0131kla ilgili AA muhabirine konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Galarza, c\u00fczzamla m\u00fccadelede ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne \u00e7ok yol katedildi\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek, “DS\u00d6’ye g\u00f6re, 1980’lerde 5 milyonun \u00fczerinde olan c\u00fczzam vakas\u0131, 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 sonunda 200 binin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
DS\u00d6 verilerine g\u00f6re, vakalar\u0131n en \u00e7ok Afrika, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya ve G\u00fcney Amerika b\u00f6lgelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne i\u015faret eden eden Galarza, son 40 y\u0131lda 17 milyondan fazla hastan\u0131n \u00e7oklu ila\u00e7 tedavisi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaydetti.<\/p>\n
C\u00fczzam hastalar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6n yarg\u0131ya dikkati \u00e7eken Galarza, \u00e7e\u015fitli Afrika ve Asya \u00fclkelerinde bir\u00e7ok ayr\u0131mc\u0131 yasan\u0131n bulundu\u011funu savundu.<\/p>\n
Galarza, bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede c\u00fczzamla ilgilenen insan haklar\u0131 savunucular\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 ve desteklenmesi gerekti\u011fini belirterek, “C\u00fczzam\u0131n bir insan haklar\u0131 meselesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve etkilenenlerin seslerinin siyasi ve sosyal alanlara ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli.” dedi.<\/p>\n
C\u00fczzam konusunda h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, akademisyenler ve sivil toplum i\u015fbirli\u011finin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine i\u015faret eden Galarza, “Ayr\u0131ca c\u00fczzamdan etkilenen ki\u015filerin ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve savunuculuk faaliyetlerine aktif kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n te\u015fvik edilmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131makta.” ifadesini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
“Mycobacterium leprae” adl\u0131 bakterinin 1873’te Gerhard Armauer Hansen taraf\u0131ndan tespit edilmesiyle “Hansen hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131” diye de isimlendirilen c\u00fczzam, esas olarak cildi, periferik sinirleri, \u00fcst solunum yolunun mukozal y\u00fczeylerini ve g\u00f6zleri etkileyen kronik bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131k olarak biliniyor.<\/p>\n
Bebeklikten ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kadar insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n her evresinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaydedilen ve d\u00fcnyada her g\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k 600 ki\u015finin yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 c\u00fczzam, tedavi edilebildi\u011fi gibi, erken evrelerdeki tedavi de sakatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nleyebiliyor.<\/p>\n
C\u00fczzam\u0131n, tedavi edilmeyen vakalarla yak\u0131n ve s\u0131k temas s\u0131ras\u0131nda burun ile a\u011f\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131kan damlac\u0131klar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve semptomlar\u0131n\u0131n ise uzun y\u0131llar sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fi belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131k, m\u00fcdahale edilmemesi halinde cilt, sinirler, uzuvlar ve g\u00f6zlerde ilerleyici ve kal\u0131c\u0131 hasara neden olabiliyor.<\/p>\n
Kulu\u00e7ka s\u00fcresi yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 y\u0131l olan hastal\u0131\u011fa \u00e7oklu ila\u00e7 tedavisi (MDT) ile m\u00fcdahale ediliyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya C\u00fczzam G\u00fcn\u00fc, bu y\u0131l 28 Ocak olmak \u00fczere, her y\u0131l ocak ay\u0131n\u0131n son pazar g\u00fcn\u00fcne denk geliyor.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn, Frans\u0131z hay\u0131rsever Raoul Follereau taraf\u0131ndan 1954’te ortaya at\u0131larak bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin neslinin t\u00fckendi\u011fine inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 c\u00fczzam hakk\u0131nda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmay\u0131 ve insanlara kolayca tedavi edilebilen bu eski hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
C\u00fczzam\u0131n en yo\u011fun g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fclke Hindistan’da D\u00fcnya C\u00fczzam G\u00fcn\u00fc, Mahatma Gandhi’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc 30 Ocak’ta.<\/p>\n