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\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi Meteoroloji M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Prof. Dr. Mikdat Kad\u0131o\u011flu, AA muhabirine, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nmayla kutuplar\u0131n ekvatora g\u00f6re daha fazla \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun sonucu s\u0131cak ve so\u011fuk cephelerin son y\u0131llarda \u00fclkenin daha \u00e7ok kuzeyinden ge\u00e7ti\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n
Bu nedenle k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yeterince kar ve di\u011fer ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n al\u0131namad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiren Kad\u0131o\u011flu, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n
“K\u0131\u015f\u0131n beklenen ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yerine y\u0131l\u0131n s\u0131cak aylar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen g\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc f\u0131rt\u0131na gibi konvektif ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 da beklenenden daha fazla al\u0131yorduk. Bu sene kas\u0131m ay\u0131na denk gelen g\u00fcnlerde normalde olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gibi bir al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezi ve ona ba\u011fl\u0131 s\u0131cak ve so\u011fuk cephenin, Balkanlar’dan gelip \u0130ran’a gidene kadar, \u00fclkemize hasret kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131. Bu so\u011fuk ve s\u0131cak cephenin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezinin \u0130stanbul’un kuzeyinden Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 takip ederek etkili olmas\u0131 da kuvvetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ve kuvvetli r\u00fczgar almam\u0131za neden oldu.”<\/p>\n
Kad\u0131o\u011flu, al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezinin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ve hareket y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn paralel oldu\u011fu yerlerde \u00f6zellikle kuvvetli r\u00fczgarlar olu\u015ftu\u011funa dikkati \u00e7ekerek, “Bug\u00fcnlerde bu orta enlem f\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131na maruz kalmam\u0131z\u0131n bir di\u011fer nedeni de Kuzey Atlantik sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n (NAO) negatif durumda olmas\u0131d\u0131r. NAO, Kuzey Atlantik Okyanusu’nda kutup alt\u0131 ile tropikler \u00fcst\u00fcnde bulunan \u0130zlanda Al\u00e7ak Bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve Azor (Bermuda) Y\u00fcksek Bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezi gibi iki bas\u0131n\u00e7 sisteminin de\u011ferlerindeki de\u011fi\u015fimdir.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Son cephe sisteminden al\u0131nan ya\u011f\u0131\u015f miktar\u0131n\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131n\u0131n bir nedeninin de f\u0131rt\u0131na h\u00fccrelerinin tren vagonu gibi g\u00fcney-bat\u0131 kuzey-do\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde cephe hatt\u0131 boyunca ayn\u0131 nokta \u00fczerinde pe\u015f pe\u015fe hareket etmesinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiren Kad\u0131o\u011flu, “\u00d6zetle bu y\u0131l kas\u0131m\u0131n ortas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z cephe sistemi, bizim 50 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki normal hava sistemimizdir. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin al\u00e7ak bas\u0131n\u00e7 merkezlerinin y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerini etkilemedi\u011fi zamanlardan bir hat\u0131ra.” de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n
Kad\u0131o\u011flu, ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n f\u0131rt\u0131na hatlar\u0131nda g\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc sa\u011fanak \u015feklinde olunca h\u0131zl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fine dikkati \u00e7ekerek, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n
“\u0130ri ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla y\u00fcksek terminal h\u0131zla \u00e7\u0131plak toprak y\u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen ya\u011fmur damlalar\u0131, ya\u011fmur erozyonuna neden olur. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle genellikle k\u0131rsal alanda ya\u011fmur damlalar\u0131, darbe etkisiyle bir k\u0131s\u0131m toprak par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 yerinden kopararak par\u00e7alar. Beton, asfalt gibi su ge\u00e7irimsiz y\u00fczeylerden olu\u015fan kentlerde ise ya\u011f\u0131\u015f ne kadar \u015fiddetliyle o kadar \u00e7abuk ve h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde y\u00fczeysel ak\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7er. \u00d6rne\u011fin k\u0131rsal alanda ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n y\u00fczde 25\u2019i derin ve 25’i s\u0131\u011f s\u0131zma, y\u00fczde 40’\u0131 buharla\u015f\u0131rken, sadece y\u00fczde 10’u y\u00fczeysel ak\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7er. Kentlerde ise ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n y\u00fczde 5’i derin ve 10’u s\u0131\u011f s\u0131zma, y\u00fczde 30’u buharla\u015f\u0131rken, y\u00fczde 55’i y\u00fczeysel ak\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7er. B\u00f6yle olunca da yollar ve caddeler dereye, \u00e7ukur yerlerdeki alt ge\u00e7itler, giri\u015f ve bodrum katlar g\u00f6le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.”<\/p>\n
Kad\u0131o\u011flu, T\u00fcrkiye’nin kurak ve yar\u0131-kurak bir \u00fclke oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ederek, su tasarrufu i\u00e7in ya\u011fmur hasad\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurgulad\u0131. Kad\u0131o\u011flu, “Binalar ka\u00e7 metrekare olursa olsun \u00e7at\u0131dan inen ya\u011fmur suyu borular\u0131n\u0131n ucuna depo, varil, bidon gibi bir su toplama kab\u0131 konulmas\u0131nda yarar vard\u0131r. Bu suyla araba, merdiven ve benzeri yerleri y\u0131kamak, \u00e7imleri sulamak gibi i\u015fler yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00f6nlem ayn\u0131 zamanda sokak ve caddelerin her ya\u011fmurda dereye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesini de engelleyebilir.” dedi.<\/p>\n
Ya\u011fmur suyu hasad\u0131n\u0131n tarla, ba\u011f ve bah\u00e7elerde de yap\u0131labilece\u011fini vurgulayan Kad\u0131o\u011flu, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
“Suyun akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcne y\u00fczey ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yava\u015flatacak, yayd\u0131r\u0131p, yer alt\u0131na yedirecek \u015fekilde hafif toprak setler ve benzeri \u015feyler yap\u0131labilir. Ayr\u0131ca mal\u00e7lamayla \u00e7\u0131plak toprak y\u00fczeyleri \u00f6rt\u00fclerek buharla\u015fma da azalt\u0131labilir. B\u00f6ylece bitki k\u00f6klerine gelen yer alt\u0131 sular\u0131 da beslenmi\u015f olur. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2015’te Ankara’da 100 metrekare \u00e7at\u0131 alan\u0131na sahip bir binada depolanabilecek ya\u011fmur suyu miktar\u0131 ortalama 38 bin litreydi. 38 bin litre suyla y\u0131lda 6 bin 300 kere sifon \u00e7ekebilirsiniz. Buna g\u00f6re her ilin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortalama y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131\u015f toplam\u0131yla binan\u0131z\u0131n metrekaresini \u00e7arp\u0131n, yapabilece\u011finiz kullanma suyu tasarrufu hakk\u0131nda bir fikir sahibi olabilirsiniz.”<\/p>\n