<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk T\u0131bbi Onkoloji Derne\u011fi \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu B\u00f6lge Temsilcisi ve Ankara Atat\u00fcrk Sanatoryum E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesi T\u0131bbi Onkoloji Klinik \u0130dari ve E\u011fitim Sorumlusu Do\u00e7. Dr. Serdar Karakaya, Akci\u011fer Kanseri Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k Ay\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla AA muhabirine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, akci\u011fer kanserinin erkeklerde ve kad\u0131nlarda d\u00fcnyada en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen ikinci kanser t\u00fcr\u00fc oldu\u011funu ve her iki cinsiyette kanserden \u00f6l\u00fcm nedenleri aras\u0131nda birinci s\u0131rada yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n akci\u011fer kanserinin en yayg\u0131n sebebi oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen Karakaya, t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n vakalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 85-90’\u0131ndan sorumlu oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131. <\/p>\n
Son d\u00f6nemde kullan\u0131m\u0131 artmaya ba\u015flayan elektronik sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n da akci\u011fer kanseri riskini \u00f6nemli oranda artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7eken Karakaya, “Pasif sigara i\u00e7icili\u011fi de akci\u011fer kanseri riskini y\u00fczde 24 oran\u0131nda artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde akci\u011fer kanseri sigarayla etkin m\u00fccadele ile \u00f6nlenebilir bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunudur.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Duman\u0131n aktif i\u00e7ici d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan solunmas\u0131n\u0131n “pasif i\u00e7icilik” olarak isimlendirildi\u011fini belirten Karakaya, son y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla pasif i\u00e7icili\u011fin \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131k ve \u00f6l\u00fcmlere neden oldu\u011funun ortaya kondu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Karakaya, d\u00fcnya genelinde bir milyardan fazla insan\u0131n t\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcnleri kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktararak, t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ve t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131na maruziyetin, kanser, kalp damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 inme gibi en s\u0131k \u00f6l\u00fcme yol a\u00e7an hastal\u0131klar\u0131n geli\u015fiminden sorumlu oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7evresel t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131n\u0131n, aktif sigara i\u00e7ilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortama yay\u0131lan duman oldu\u011funu dile getiren Karakaya, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
“Pasif i\u00e7icilik, kendi sigara i\u00e7medi\u011fi halde \u00e7evresel t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131na maruz kal\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7evresel t\u00fct\u00fcn duman\u0131 sigara kullanmayanlar i\u00e7in ciddi bir sa\u011fl\u0131k tehlikesidir. Burada dikkat edilmesi gereken en \u00f6nemli \u015fey ise g\u00fcvenli bir maruziyet seviyesinin bulunmamas\u0131d\u0131r, yani zararl\u0131d\u0131r. Bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, pasif i\u00e7icili\u011fin \u00f6l\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanabilen kanser, kalp-damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve inme gibi \u00f6l\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanan hastal\u0131klara yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve mevcut sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 alevlendirdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.”<\/p>\n
Karakaya, sigara duman\u0131na maruziyetin ev i\u00e7i hava kirlili\u011finin en \u00f6nemli nedeni oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ederek, \u015fu bilgileri verdi:<\/p>\n
“T\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn yanmas\u0131 ile yanma b\u00f6lgesinden \u00e7evreye yay\u0131lan yan ak\u0131m ve sigara i\u00e7en ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan solunan ana ak\u0131m olmak \u00fczere iki tip duman olu\u015fur. \u00c7evresel sigara duman\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 85’i yan ak\u0131m sigara duman\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Ana ak\u0131m sigara duman\u0131nda bulunan katran, nikotin gibi partik\u00fcler maddeler, filtre taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcz\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in yan ak\u0131m sigara duman\u0131ndaki partik\u00fcler madde konsantrasyonu daha y\u00fcksektir. Bundan dolay\u0131 da daha toksik olan yan ak\u0131m duman\u0131n\u0131n kanserojenik etkisi 2-6 kat, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin v\u00fccudu \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131k veya yaralanmalara kar\u015f\u0131 korumak amac\u0131yla olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tepki olarak tan\u0131mlanan inflamasyona neden olma etkisi ise 4 kat daha fazlad\u0131r. Bu nedenle sigara duman\u0131na maruziyet \u00e7ok ciddi bir tehlikedir.”<\/p>\n
Pasif i\u00e7icili\u011fin k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli etkilerinin g\u00f6z, burun ile bo\u011fazda harabiyet, akut bron\u015fit ve zat\u00fcrre ile ili\u015fkilendirildi\u011fini ifade eden Karakaya, yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda sigara duman\u0131na maruziyet ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesin olarak kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f hastal\u0131klar\u0131n oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Karakaya, “Bunlar akci\u011fer kanseri, koroner kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, ast\u0131m ataklar\u0131, kalp hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 semptomlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131, mevcut bron\u015fit semptomlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmesi, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, hava yolu irritasyonu, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, mide bulant\u0131s\u0131, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve g\u00f6z irritasyonudur.” dedi.<\/p>\n
Sigara duman\u0131n\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre ortamda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve e\u015fyalara sindi\u011fini de belirten Karakaya, sigaran\u0131n kesinlikle kapal\u0131 ortamlarda t\u00fcketilmemesi gerekti\u011fini bildirdi.<\/p>\n
Karakaya, hastalar\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131kla ge\u00e7meyen \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, kanl\u0131 balgam, nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, ses k\u0131s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, halsizlik, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, ge\u00e7meyen ve tekrarlayan akci\u011fer enfeksiyonu gibi belirtilerle hastaneye ba\u015fvurdu\u011funu belirterek, “Son d\u00f6nemde yo\u011fun sigara i\u00e7enlerde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck doz akci\u011fer tomografilerinin tarama y\u00f6ntemi olarak etkinli\u011finin kabul g\u00f6rmesiyle erken tan\u0131 alan hasta say\u0131m\u0131zda art\u0131\u015f ya\u015fand\u0131.” de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n
Son d\u00f6nemlerde akci\u011fer kanseri tedavisinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler oldu\u011funu aktaran Karakaya, “Metastatik akci\u011fer kanseri 2000 y\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde kemoterapilerle 8-10 ay civar\u0131nda sa\u011f kalma s\u00fcrelerinden bahsetti\u011fimiz bir hastal\u0131k iken \u00f6zellikle 2000’li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren halk aras\u0131nda ak\u0131ll\u0131 ila\u00e7 tedavileri olarak da bahsedilen hedefe y\u00f6nelik tedavilerle \u00e7ok yol al\u0131nd\u0131.” a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Karakaya, hedefe y\u00f6nelik tedavilere uygun olmayan hastalarda ise ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin kuvvetlendirilmesi esas\u0131na dayanan imm\u00fcnoterapi se\u00e7eneklerinin tek ba\u015f\u0131na veya kemoterapilerle kombine olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ileri evre akci\u011fer kanserinde ortalama sa\u011f kalma s\u00fcrelerinin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Do\u00e7. Dr. Karakaya, bu yeni nesil tedavi y\u00f6ntemlerinin ya\u015fam s\u00fcresinde \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ya\u015fam kalitesinde de belirgin d\u00fczelmelerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi. <\/p>\n