\n<\/p>\n
IMF, Mali \u0130zleme Raporu’nun nisan say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 “Politika Normalle\u015fmesi Yolunda” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yay\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Raporda, Kovid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan bu yana ge\u00e7en \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131lda maliye politikas\u0131n\u0131n normale d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
E\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak 2020’de sa\u011flanan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc desteklerin ard\u0131ndan 2022’de hem para hem de maliye politikalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkelerin yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnde y\u00fcksek enflasyon ve salg\u0131nla ilgili harcama \u00f6nlemlerinin s\u00fcresinin dolmas\u0131 nedeniyle s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen raporda, bu de\u011fi\u015fimin olduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fken bir ortamda meydana geldi\u011fi aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Raporda, “Ekonomiler, mali alanda devam eden gerilimlerle Kovid-19 ile ilgili derin bir durgunluktan h\u0131zla toparlan\u0131rken, h\u00fck\u00fcmetler ya\u015fam maliyeti krizi, Rusya’n\u0131n Ukrayna’y\u0131 i\u015fgali ve finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki istikrars\u0131zl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131.” de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulunuldu.<\/p>\n
Kamu maliyesinin, benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f \u015foklar\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet eylemlerini yans\u0131tan b\u00fcy\u00fck dalgalanmalar ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret edilen raporda, ekonomik daralma ve b\u00fcy\u00fck h\u00fck\u00fcmet desteklerinin bir sonucu olarak 2020’de GSYH’nin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 100’\u00fcne ula\u015fan kamu borcundaki tarihi art\u0131\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan istisnai \u00f6nlemlerin sona ermesinden bu yana mali a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
Raporda, 2021-2022’deki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc nominal GSYH b\u00fcy\u00fcmesiyle k\u00fcresel borcun 70 y\u0131l\u0131n en sert d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc kaydetti\u011fi ve 2022’nin sonunda GSYH’n\u0131n y\u00fczde 92,1’ine geriledi\u011fi, ancak hala 2019’un sonundaki seviyenin yakla\u015f\u0131k 8 puan \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu bildirildi.<\/p>\n
Raporda, k\u00fcresel kamu borcunun GSYH’ya oran\u0131n\u0131n bu y\u0131l y\u00fczde 93,3’e, 2024’te ise y\u00fczde 94,6’ya y\u00fckselmesinin beklendi\u011fi aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kamu borcunun GSYH’ya oran\u0131n\u0131n 2028’de ise y\u00fczde 99,6’ya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tahmin edildi\u011fi belirtilen raporda, ABD ve \u00c7in ekonomisindeki geli\u015fmelerin k\u00fcresel kamu borcu e\u011filimlerini \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi ifade edildi.<\/p>\n
ABD’nin kamu borcunun GSYH’ya oran\u0131n\u0131n 2028’e kadar y\u00fczde 136,2’ye \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fi kaydedilen raporda, \u00c7in’in kamu borcunun GSYH’ya oran\u0131n ise ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde y\u00fczde 104,9’a y\u00fckselece\u011finin tahmin edildi\u011fi aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Raporda, T\u00fcrkiye’nin kamu borcunun GSYH’ya oran\u0131n ise 2023’te y\u00fczde 35, 2024’te y\u00fczde 36,7, 2025’te y\u00fczde 37,7, 2026’ta y\u00fczde 38,8, 2027’de y\u00fczde 40,4 ve 2028’de y\u00fczde 42,3 olmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fi kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
IMF’nin raporunda, “Yak\u0131n vadeli mali g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm karma\u015f\u0131k olmaya devam ediyor, maliye ve para politikalar\u0131n\u0131n, fiyat ve finansal istikrar\u0131 sa\u011flarken belirsiz bir ekonomik ortama ve h\u0131zla de\u011fi\u015fen finansal ko\u015fullara yan\u0131t verecek \u015fekilde yak\u0131ndan uyumlu hale getirilmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli.” de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulunuldu.<\/p>\n
Raporda, h\u00fck\u00fcmetler daha y\u00fcksek faiz faturalar\u0131yla ve kamu harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rma bask\u0131lar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131k\u00e7a, 2023’te genel mali a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n GSYH’ye oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 5’e \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fi kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
Risklerin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6nl\u00fc oldu\u011fu vurgulanan raporda, “Finans sekt\u00f6r\u00fcndeki istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k \u015fiddetlenirse, h\u00fck\u00fcmetler yard\u0131ma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131labilece\u011fi i\u00e7in kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fc bilan\u00e7olar\u0131 \u00fczerinde de bask\u0131 olu\u015fturabilir.” de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulunuldu.<\/p>\n
Raporda, “Orta vadede, mali a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n gelecek birka\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde pandemi \u00f6ncesi seviyelerin \u00fczerinde kalaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor.” ifadesi kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
IMF raporunda, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin mali tamponlar\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131na daha fazla \u00f6ncelik vermesinin gerekece\u011fi, \u00fclkelerin tutarl\u0131 makroekonomik politikalar\u0131 te\u015fvik eden, bor\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 zaman i\u00e7inde azaltan ve gelecekteki \u015foklarla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in gerekli alan\u0131 olu\u015fturan g\u00fcvenilir, riske dayal\u0131 mali \u00e7er\u00e7eveler geli\u015ftirmesi gerekti\u011fi vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n