<\/p>\n
Resmi Gazete’nin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan karara g\u00f6re, Trabzon 2. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi, bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir davada, 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 CMK’n\u0131n 273. maddesinde yer alan, mahkemenin karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 istinaf istemi i\u00e7in “karar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan itibaren 7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcre tan\u0131nmas\u0131na” ili\u015fkin h\u00fckm\u00fcn iptali istemiyle dava a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n
Dava dilek\u00e7esinde, istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcresinin, h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan itibaren ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek, h\u00fckm\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esinin duru\u015fma tutana\u011f\u0131na ge\u00e7irilmedi\u011fi durumlarda gerek\u00e7eyi bilmeyen san\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden istinaf s\u00fcresinin h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan itibaren ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n san\u0131\u011fa a\u011f\u0131r k\u00fclfet y\u00fckledi\u011fi savunuldu.<\/p>\n
\u0130ptal istemini g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, CMK’n\u0131n 273. maddesinin 1 numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n, “\u0130stinaf istemi, h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan itibaren 7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde h\u00fckm\u00fc veren mahkemeye bir dilek\u00e7e verilmesi suretiyle yap\u0131l\u0131r.” \u015feklindeki birinci c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan “… h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan itibaren…” ibaresinin Anayasa’ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa ve iptaline karar verdi. \u0130ptal h\u00fckm\u00fc, 9 ay sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecek.<\/p>\n
Anayasa Mahkemesinin gerek\u00e7esinde, CMK’nin 232. maddesinde, yerel mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n ana \u00e7izgileriyle duru\u015fmada anlat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, gerek\u00e7esinin de en ge\u00e7 15 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde dava dosyas\u0131na konulmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, itiraz i\u00e7in taraflara s\u00fcre tutum dilek\u00e7esi verilmesi zorunlulu\u011fu getirildi\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucunun istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvurma hakk\u0131n\u0131 gere\u011fi gibi kullanabilmesi i\u00e7in karar\u0131n hangi gerek\u00e7eyle verildi\u011fini bilmesi gerekti\u011fi vurgulanan gerek\u00e7ede, “Nitekim kanun yolunda ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclecek istinaf sebepleri, h\u00fckm\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca sonucuyla de\u011fil, gerek\u00e7esiyle de ilgili olabilir. Bu bak\u0131mdan ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda esasl\u0131 belgelerden olan ve h\u00fckm\u00fcn maddi ve hukuki temelini olu\u015fturan gerek\u00e7eyi i\u00e7erir h\u00fckm\u00fcn kanun yoluna ba\u015fvuru hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilmesi i\u00e7in taraflara bildirilmesi gerekir.” tespiti yap\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n
H\u00fckm\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esiyle birlikte a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, sadece h\u00fck\u00fcm sonucunun tefhim edildi\u011fi durumlarda hak kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilmesi i\u00e7in duru\u015fmada haz\u0131r olan taraflara s\u00fcre tutum dilek\u00e7esi verme imkan\u0131 tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 aktar\u0131lan gerek\u00e7ede, \u015funlar kaydedildi: <\/p>\n
“H\u00fckm\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esiyle birlikte a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, sadece h\u00fck\u00fcm sonucunun tefhim edildi\u011fi durumlarda, istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcresini h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan itibaren ba\u015flatan ve kanun yoluna ba\u015fvuracak tarafa \u00f6ncelikle s\u00fcre tutum dilek\u00e7esi, gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131n tebli\u011finden sonra ise istinaf nedenlerini bildirir ikinci bir dilek\u00e7e sunma zorunlulu\u011fu \u00f6ng\u00f6ren kural\u0131n ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen ama\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zorunlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na gerekli olmayan bir s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlamayla ula\u015f\u0131lmak istenen me\u015fru ama\u00e7 ve ki\u015filerin mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131ndan yararlanmas\u0131ndaki bireysel yarar aras\u0131nda makul bir orant\u0131n\u0131n kurulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla kural\u0131n, gerek\u00e7esi a\u00e7\u0131klanmayan h\u00fck\u00fcmler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirdi\u011fi ve kuralla hedeflenen amaca ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda elde edilecek kamusal yararla k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ki\u015filere a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 k\u00fclfet y\u00fckledi\u011fi, mahkemeye eri\u015fim hakk\u0131n\u0131 orant\u0131s\u0131z, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz bir bi\u00e7imde s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.”<\/p>\n
Gerek\u00e7ede, d\u00fczenlemedeki, “\u2026h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan itibaren\u2026” ibaresinin iptal edilmesi nedeniyle do\u011facak hukuksal bo\u015flu\u011fun kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal edecek nitelikte g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bu nedenle kurala ili\u015fkin iptal h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn, karar\u0131n Resmi Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak 9 ay sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesine karar verildi\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n