\n<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu (IMF) Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kristalina Georgieva, d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin bu y\u0131l y\u00fczde 3’ten az b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini beklediklerini ifade ederek, k\u00fcresel ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin gelecek 5 y\u0131lda y\u00fczde 3 civar\u0131nda kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini ve bunun 1990’dan bu yana en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck orta vadeli b\u00fcy\u00fcme tahminleri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Georgieva, IMF-D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 Bahar Toplant\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ncesi kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkinlikte “B\u00fcy\u00fcmeye Giden Yol: Eylem i\u00e7in \u00dc\u00e7 \u00d6ncelik” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir konu\u015fma yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel ekonomide 2021’deki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc toparlanman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Rusya’n\u0131n Ukrayna’da ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f nedeniyle b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin 2022’de neredeyse yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015ferek y\u00fczde 6,1’den y\u00fczde 3,4’e geriledi\u011fini belirten Georgieva, yava\u015flaman\u0131n bu y\u0131l da devam etti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Georgieva, “Geli\u015fmi\u015f ekonomilerin \u00e7o\u011funda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 derecede diren\u00e7li i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc piyasalar\u0131 ile t\u00fcketici harcamalar\u0131na ve \u00c7in’in yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyile\u015fmeye ra\u011fmen d\u00fcnya ekonomisinin bu y\u0131l y\u00fczde 3’ten az b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini bekliyoruz.” dedi.<\/p>\n
Gelecek hafta a\u00e7\u0131klanacak D\u00fcnya Ekonomik G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm Raporu’nda g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi gibi b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin hem yak\u0131n hem de orta vadede tarihsel kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re zay\u0131f kalmaya devam etti\u011fine i\u015faret eden Georgieva, \u00fclke gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda da keskin farkl\u0131l\u0131klar oldu\u011funu aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kristalina Georgieva, geli\u015fmekte olan ekonomilerden bir miktar ivme geldi\u011fini belirterek, Hindistan ve \u00c7in’in 2023’te k\u00fcresel b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fini kaydetti.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcksek faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n talebi bask\u0131lamas\u0131 nedeniyle ABD ve Avro B\u00f6lgesi’nde ekonomik faaliyetin yava\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7eken Georgieva, “Geli\u015fmi\u015f ekonomilerin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 90’\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcme oranlar\u0131nda bu y\u0131l bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6rmesi bekleniyor.” dedi.<\/p>\n
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in bor\u00e7lanma maliyetlerinin, ihracatlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik talebin zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde y\u00fckseldi\u011fini belirten Georgieva, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen gelir art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmekte olan ekonomilerin alt\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bunun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli \u00fclkelerin di\u011ferlerine yeti\u015fmesini daha da zorla\u015ft\u0131ran ciddi bir darbe oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Georgieva, yoksulluk ve a\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, Kovid-19 krizinin ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikeli bir e\u011filim olarak daha da artabilece\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
IMF Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Georgieva, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve e\u015f g\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc para ile maliye politikas\u0131 eylemlerinin \u00e7ok daha k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 engelledi\u011fini ancak artan jeopolitik gerilimler ve hala y\u00fcksek seyreden enflasyonla g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir toparlanman\u0131n zor oldu\u011funu aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Georgieva, “K\u00fcresel b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin gelecek 5 y\u0131lda y\u00fczde 3 civar\u0131nda kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ediyoruz; 1990’dan bu yana en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck orta vadeli b\u00fcy\u00fcme tahminimiz ve son 20 y\u0131l\u0131n ortalamas\u0131 olan y\u00fczde 3,8’in \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda.” dedi.<\/p>\n
Sa\u011flam bir toparlanmay\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc politika eylemleri \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan Georgieva, t\u0131rman\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck “tepe” oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Georgieva, bunlardan ilkinin enflasyonla m\u00fccadele ve finansal istikrar\u0131 korumak oldu\u011funu belirterek, fiyat istikrar\u0131 ve finansal istikrar olmadan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir b\u00fcy\u00fcmen\u0131n olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Merkez bankalar\u0131n\u0131n faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 ve senkronize bir \u015fekilde y\u00fckseltmesine kar\u015f\u0131n k\u0131smen bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkedeki s\u0131k\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc piyasalar\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ekirdek enflasyonun inatla y\u00fcksek kalmaya devam etti\u011fine i\u015faret eden Georgieva, ayn\u0131 zamanda enflasyonla m\u00fccadelenin ABD ve \u0130svi\u00e7re’deki son bankac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc bask\u0131lar\u0131yla daha karma\u015f\u0131k hale geldi\u011fini, uzun s\u00fcreli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n ve bol likiditenin oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemden \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek faiz oranlar\u0131na ve k\u0131t likiditeye h\u0131zla ge\u00e7i\u015fin ne kadar zor oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kristalina Georgieva, belirli bankalardaki risk y\u00f6netimi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra denetim eksikliklerinin de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak bankac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn 2008 k\u00fcresel mali krizinden bu yana \u00e7ok yol katetti\u011finin g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Bankalar\u0131n genel olarak daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve diren\u00e7li oldu\u011funu, politika yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ise son haftalardaki eylemlerinde h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kapsaml\u0131 davrand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden Georgieva, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
“Yaln\u0131zca bankalarda de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda banka d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kurulu\u015flarda da gizli olabilecek k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klarla ilgili endi\u015feler devam ediyor; \u015fimdi rehavete kap\u0131lma zaman\u0131 de\u011fil. Finansal bask\u0131lar s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece merkez bankalar\u0131n\u0131n, enflasyon beklentilerindeki \u00e7\u0131padan \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in s\u0131k\u0131 bir duru\u015f sergileyerek enflasyonla m\u00fccadelede rotalar\u0131n\u0131 korumalar\u0131n\u0131 bekliyoruz.” <\/p>\n
T\u0131rman\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ikinci tepenin “b\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7in orta vadeli beklentilerin iyile\u015ftirilmesi” oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden Georgieva, yap\u0131sal reformlar yoluyla ve dijital devrimi h\u0131zland\u0131rarak i\u015f ortam\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi, insan sermayesinin ve kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131larak \u00fcretkenli\u011fin ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme potansiyelinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini kaydetti.<\/p>\n
Georgieva, gezegenin korunmas\u0131 ve yeni ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in “ye\u015fil ad\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine” de ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Sadece yenilenebilir enerji i\u00e7in y\u0131lda tahmini 1 trilyon dolar gerekti\u011fini belirten Georgieva, bunun b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve istihdam i\u015fin fayda sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n
Georgieva, \u00f6zellikle Rusya’n\u0131n Ukrayna’da ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015fla ekonomik ayr\u0131\u015fma ve jeopolitik gerginli\u011fin etkisinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011finde de bir ad\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu ifada etti.<\/p>\n
Georgieva, k\u00fcresel e\u015fitsizliklerin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in dayan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n te\u015fvik edilmesi gerekti\u011fini de vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n