<\/p>\n
2023 Nobel T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, mRNA i\u00e7erikli Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesini sa\u011flayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara imza atan 68 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Macar as\u0131ll\u0131 bilim insan\u0131 Katalin Kariko ile 64 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki ABD’li bilim insan\u0131 Drew Weissman’a verildi.<\/p>\n
\u0130sve\u00e7’teki Karolinska Enstit\u00fcs\u00fcnde d\u00fczenlenen bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131nda, 2023 Nobel T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc, mRNA i\u00e7erikli Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesine imkan veren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara imza atan biyokimyager Kariko ve imm\u00fcnolog Weissman’\u0131n kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Katalin Kariko, 17 Ocak 1955’te Macaristan’\u0131n Szolnok \u015fehrinde do\u011fdu.<\/p>\n
\u00dcniversite ve doktora e\u011fitimini Szeged \u00dcniversitesi Biyolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi’nde tamamlayan Kariko, mRNA ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in ABD’nin Philadelphia eyaletinde bulunan Temple \u00dcniversitesi’ne davet edilmesi \u00fczerine bu \u00fclkeye yerle\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Almanya merkezli BioNTech’te k\u0131demli ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olan Kariko, BioNTech-Pfizer taraf\u0131ndan ortakla\u015fa geli\u015ftirilen Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n temelindeki mRNA teknolojisini Weissman ile birlikte geli\u015ftirmesiyle tan\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Drew Weissman, 7 Eyl\u00fcl 1959’da ABD’nin Massachusetts eyaletindeki Lexington \u015fehrinde do\u011fdu.<\/p>\n
1981’de Brandeis \u00dcniversitesi’nden mezun olan Weissman, 1997’de mRNA ve do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi biyolojisini incelemek i\u00e7in Pennsylvania \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi’nin akademik kadrosuna dahil oldu.<\/p>\n
Weissman ile Kariko, tan\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan birlikte Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n temelindeki mRNA teknolojisini geli\u015ftirmeye yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
2022 Nobel T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, “soyu t\u00fckenmi\u015f homininlerin genomlar\u0131 ile insan evrimine ili\u015fkin ke\u015fiflerinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc” 68 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u0130sve\u00e7li biyolog Svante Paabo’ya verilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Paabo, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda “k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir parmak kemi\u011finin genom verisiyle 30 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fayan ve denisovanlar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan t\u00fcrleri” ke\u015ffetmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
1901 ila 2022’de 113 Nobel T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc verildi, \u00f6d\u00fcl kazananlardan 12’si kad\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Nobel T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fcn en gen\u00e7 kazanan\u0131, 1923’te ins\u00fclinin ke\u015ffinden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc 32 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Frederick G. Banting oldu.<\/p>\n
1966’da “t\u00fcm\u00f6re neden olan vir\u00fcsleri” bularak Nobel T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc kazanan 87 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Peyton Rous ise bu \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc alan en ya\u015fl\u0131 bilim insan\u0131 olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n
Paabo’nun babas\u0131 Sune Bergstr\u00f6m da “prostaglandin” maddesine ili\u015fkin bulu\u015flar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 1982 Nobel T\u0131p \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130sve\u00e7li Alfred Nobel’in vasiyeti \u00fczerine \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra 9 Haziran 1900’de kurulan Nobel Vakf\u0131n\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa hizmette bulunanlara verdi\u011fi \u00f6d\u00fcller, d\u00fcnyada en sayg\u0131n \u00f6d\u00fcller olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Nobel \u00d6d\u00fclleri, \u0130sve\u00e7 Kraliyet Bilimler Akademisi, \u0130sve\u00e7 Akademisi, Karolinska Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ve Norve\u00e7 Nobel Komitesi taraf\u0131ndan, fizik, kimya, edebiyat, bar\u0131\u015f ve t\u0131p olmak \u00fczere 5 ayr\u0131 dalda en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 kabul edilen ki\u015filer veya kurulu\u015flara veriliyor.<\/p>\n
Bunlara ek olarak, Nobel Ekonomi \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc, 1968’de \u0130sve\u00e7 Merkez Bankas\u0131n\u0131n Alfred Nobel’in an\u0131s\u0131na ekonomi dal\u0131nda da \u00f6d\u00fcl verilmesini kararla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla, ilk kez 1969’da verildi.<\/p>\n
Nobel \u00d6d\u00fclleri, her y\u0131l Alfred Nobel’in \u00f6l\u00fcm y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc olan 10 Aral\u0131k’ta d\u00fczenlenen t\u00f6renle sahiplerine teslim ediliyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan \u00f6d\u00fcllerin 1901’deki ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan bu yana verilmedi\u011fi birka\u00e7 y\u0131l oldu. Toplamda 49 defa yap\u0131lan \u00f6d\u00fcl iptallerinin \u00e7o\u011fu Birinci ve \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015flar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n
\u00d6d\u00fcl t\u00f6renleri, Kovid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 nedeniyle 2020 ve 2021’de de yap\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n