<\/p>\n
Bat\u0131 ittifaklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kendini bir g\u00fc\u00e7 oda\u011f\u0131 olarak konumland\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan BRICS grubu, Orta Do\u011fu b\u00f6lgesinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomilerine sahip petrol zengini Suudi Arabistan, \u0130ran, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) ve M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu 6 \u00fclkeyi gruba dahil ederek hem 2010’dan bu yana ilk kez geni\u015fleme s\u00fcrecine giriyor hem Bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 etkisini art\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/p>\n
Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, \u00c7in ve G\u00fcney Afrika’dan olu\u015fan BRICS \u00fclkeleri, G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n Johannesburg kentinde d\u00fczenlenen ve 24 A\u011fustos’ta sona eren 15. Liderler Zirvesi’nde, d\u00fcnya d\u00fczenini yeniden kurmak ve k\u00fcresel etkisini art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla Suudi Arabistan, \u0130ran, BAE, M\u0131s\u0131r, Etiyopya ve Arjantin’in bloka \u00fcyelik taleplerini kabul etti.<\/p>\n
BRICS Liderler Zirvesi’ne ev sahipli\u011fi yapan G\u00fcney Afrika lideri Cyril Ramaphosa, yeni \u00fclkelerin 1 Ocak 2024 itibar\u0131yla bloka \u00fcye olacaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Bu kararla yeni y\u0131lda BRICS’in \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131 5\u2019ten 11\u2019e y\u00fckselecek.<\/p>\n
Suudi Arabistan, \u0130ran, BAE ve M\u0131s\u0131r gibi Orta Do\u011fu b\u00f6lgesinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomilerine ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol ve do\u011fal gaz rezervlerine sahip \u00fclkelerinin bloka \u00fcye olmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyada enerjinin \u00f6neminin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, BRICS’in uluslararas\u0131 alandaki siyasi ve ekonomik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc de art\u0131rabilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
– Suudi Arabistan<\/p>\n
BRICS’e davet edilen 6 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda en dikkati \u00e7ekenlerden biri d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Suudi Arabistan oldu.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcnl\u00fck yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 milyon varil ham petrol \u00fcreten Suudi Arabistan, bunun 7 milyon varilini ihra\u00e7 ediyor. Suudi Arabistan Genel \u0130statistik \u0130daresi’nin \u015fubatta yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilere g\u00f6re, 2022’de petrol ihracat\u0131ndan 326 milyar dolar gelir elde eden Riyad y\u00f6netimi, en \u00e7ok petrol sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7in, Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore ve Hindistan gibi Asya \u00fclkelerine yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgesel ve uluslararas\u0131 bas\u0131na konu\u015fan uzmanlar, son zamanlarda \u00c7in ve Rusya’yla yak\u0131nla\u015fma ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atan Riyad y\u00f6netiminin, BRICS’e kat\u0131lmas\u0131yla ekonomisini \u00e7e\u015fitlendirme hedeflerini yakalayabilece\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n
Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n “El-\u0130ktisadiye” gazetesinin haberine g\u00f6re, \u00fclkenin 2022 gayrisafi yurt i\u00e7i has\u0131las\u0131n\u0131n (GSY\u0130H) toplam de\u011feri ilk defa 4,16 trilyon riyale (1,11 trilyon dolar) ula\u015ft\u0131. Suudi Arabistan Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2023 y\u0131l\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7esinde ise GSY\u0130H’nin toplam de\u011feri 4,247 trilyon riyal (1,133 trilyon dolar) olarak belirlendi.<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klanan 2022 verilerine dayal\u0131 olarak Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n ekonomik hacmi, toplam ekonomileri 1,13 trilyon dolar olan 16 Arap \u00fclkesinin ekonomisine denk geliyor.<\/p>\n
Gazetenin haberinde, s\u00f6z konusu Arap \u00fclkeleri de Katar, Cezayir, Kuveyt, Fas, Umman, \u00dcrd\u00fcn, Libya, Tunus, Bahreyn, Sudan, Yemen, Filistin, Moritanya, Somali, Cibuti ve Komor Adalar\u0131 olarak s\u0131raland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Suudi Arabistan Sanayi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n May\u0131s 2023’te yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilere g\u00f6re, \u00fclkedeki sanayi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n hacmi 1,4 trilyon riyale (yakla\u015f\u0131k 370 milyar dolar) ula\u015f\u0131rken, fabrika say\u0131s\u0131 ise 10 bin 966’ya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00dclkedeki sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 istihdam ise may\u0131s ay\u0131n\u0131n sonu itibar\u0131yla 734 bin 580 olarak a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n
– \u0130ran<\/p>\n
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 88 milyonluk n\u00fcfusuyla b\u00f6lgenin en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fclkelerinden biri olan \u0130ran, \u00fclkenin Merkez Bankas\u0131n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re, 2022’de 409 milyar 500 milyon dolar GSY\u0130H’ye sahip bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130ran Petrol Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re \u0130ran, 160 milyar varil ham petrol ve kondensat ile yakla\u015f\u0131k 34 trilyon metrek\u00fcp do\u011fal gaz rezervlerine ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Venezuela ve Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Petrol \u0130hra\u00e7 Eden \u00dclkeler \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc’nde (OPEC) en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc petrol rezervine sahip \u0130ran, d\u00fcnyada da Kanada’n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol rezervine sahip d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00fclke konumunda. \u0130ran, do\u011fal gaz rezervleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise Rusya’dan sonra ikinci s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u0130ran, devletin ekonomik faaliyetlerinin yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu, petrol ve gaz ihracat\u0131n\u0131n ekonominin performans\u0131nda \u00f6nemli yer tuttu\u011fu bir yap\u0131ya sahip.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle ABD’nin 2018’den itibaren ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek tarafl\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar nedeniyle ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015fayan \u0130ran, petrol ve do\u011fal gaz gibi sahip oldu\u011fu enerji \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini de yine yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar nedeniyle ihra\u00e7 ederken sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Orta Do\u011fu’nun petrol rezervlerinin yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00e7eyre\u011fini elinde bulunduran \u0130ran, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlarla ba\u015f etmek ad\u0131na izledi\u011fi politikalar\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak son y\u0131llarda \u00f6zellikle \u00c7in’e indirimli petrol satarak ekonomisini ayakta tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bununla birlikte \u0130ran yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara kar\u015f\u0131, “direni\u015f ekonomisi” ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi strateji kapsam\u0131nda ekonomisini petrolden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak \u00e7e\u015fitlendirme \u00e7abas\u0131na giri\u015fti ve BRICS gibi Do\u011fu \u00fclkeleriyle ticaretini art\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131’n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re, 2022’de 2,7 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u0130ran ekonomisinin bu y\u0131l da 2,2 b\u00fcy\u00fcme g\u00f6stermesi bekleniyor.<\/p>\n
Bat\u0131l\u0131 olmayan g\u00fc\u00e7lerle ekonomik ve siyasi ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek isteyen \u0130ran, son y\u0131llarda Rusya ile g\u00fcvenlik ve askeri i\u015fbirli\u011fini derinle\u015ftirirken \u00c7in ile de ekonomik ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi.<\/p>\n
\u0130ran, “Do\u011fu’ya Bak\u0131\u015f” stratejisi kapsam\u0131nda haziranda BRICS’e resmi \u00fcyelik ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00fcyeli\u011finin kabul edilmesini memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131.<\/p>\n
D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 H\u00fcseyin Emir Abdullahiyan, \u00fclkesinin BRICS’e \u00fcye olarak kabul edilmesinin \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130brahim Reisi ise \u00fclkesinin BRICS’e \u00fcyeli\u011finin ABD’nin tek tarafl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 muhalefet dahil olmak \u00fczere toplulu\u011fun politikalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130ran BRICS’e \u00fcye olarak \u00f6zellikle ABD’nin tek tarafl\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fabilmek ve \u00fcye \u00fclkelerle ulusal para birimleriyle ticaret yapabilmeyi hedefliyor.<\/p>\n
– Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri<\/p>\n
Petrol \u0130hra\u00e7 Eden \u00dclkeler \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (OPEC) verilerine g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyada en \u00e7ok rezerve sahip 6. \u00fclke konumunda olan BAE, BRICS’e kabul edilen bir di\u011fer \u00fclke oldu.<\/p>\n
“Vizyon 2021” kalk\u0131nma plan\u0131 do\u011frultusunda \u00fclkede petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlerden elde edilen gelirleri art\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131ca hedefleri aras\u0131na alan BAE, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ekonomisiyle de dikkati \u00e7ekiyor. BAE, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen gelir ve ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na enerji t\u00fcketimi gibi baz\u0131 ekonomik verilere g\u00f6re, K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda Suudi Arabistan’dan sonra ikinci s\u0131rada geliyor.<\/p>\n
BAE resmi ajans\u0131 WAM’\u0131n 25 Haziran 2023’te Ekonomi Bakan\u0131 Abdullah bin Tavk el-Merri’ye dayand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 habere g\u00f6re, \u00fclkenin 2022 reel GSY\u0130H’si y\u00fczde 7,9’luk bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirerek uzmanlar\u0131n beklentilerini de a\u015ft\u0131 ve 1,62 trilyon dirheme ( yakla\u015f\u0131k 441 milyar dolar) ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Federal Rekabet Edebilirlik ve \u0130statistik Merkezi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan rapora da yer verilen habere g\u00f6re, 2022 GSY\u0130H’sindeki art\u0131\u015fa petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin katk\u0131s\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu.<\/p>\n
Burada en b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131 2021’e g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 20,2’lik art\u0131\u015fla ula\u015ft\u0131rma ve depolama hizmetleri ald\u0131. \u0130malat sanayi de 2021 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 8,7 b\u00fcy\u00fcme kaydederek GSY\u0130H’de 179 milyar dirhemlik katma de\u011fer elde etti.<\/p>\n
WAM’\u0131n 24 A\u011fustos tarihli haberinde BAE’nin, BRICS’e kabul edilmesinin, hem bu grupla hem di\u011fer d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleriyle ili\u015fkilerde yeni ufuklar a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131na vurgu yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
BM verilerine g\u00f6re d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 42’sini, D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131’n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re de d\u00fcnyadaki GSY\u0130H’nin y\u00fczde 23’\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan bu gruba \u00fcye olunmas\u0131yla k\u00fcresel pazarlarda BAE i\u00e7in yeni ortakl\u0131k imkanlar\u0131 olu\u015faca\u011f\u0131 kaydedildi.<\/p>\n
Maliye Bakan\u0131 Maktum bin Muhammed bin Ra\u015fid Al Maktum ise BAE Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Facebook sayfas\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, BAE’nin BRICS’e kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 ortakl\u0131klar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesine ve yenilik\u00e7i stratejiler yoluyla ekonomik refah\u0131n desteklenmesine katk\u0131da bulunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n
– M\u0131s\u0131r<\/p>\n
Orta Do\u011fu ve Kuzey Afrika’n\u0131n kesi\u015fim noktas\u0131nda bulunan M\u0131s\u0131r, 476 milyar 747 milyon dolar GSY\u0130H de\u011feriyle b\u00f6lgesinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomileri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 milyon 100 kilometrekare y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ve 110 milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n n\u00fcfusa sahip M\u0131s\u0131r, bu anlamda da b\u00f6lgesinin \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
M\u0131s\u0131r, kadim k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferleriyle “D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Annesi” lakab\u0131yla an\u0131l\u0131rken, Akdeniz’den K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz’e ge\u00e7i\u015fi sa\u011flayan S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131 \u00fclkeye ciddi anlamda stratejik de\u011fer kat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn finansal ve i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle dikkati \u00e7eken \u00fclkede, devlet destekli b\u00fcy\u00fck projeler son y\u0131llarda ekonomik anlamda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan geli\u015fmeler aras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l ekonomisi y\u00fczde 6,6 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcyen M\u0131s\u0131r’da yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n gelirleri GSY\u0130H’ye y\u00fczde 6,8 katk\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n